M47m88.com

Appendix150BrightestStarsMeteorShowersBrightestStarsNameV-Mag.
BVTe.
Abs.
Dist.
ChartSun26.
740.
664M.
88l-min.
AlphaCanisMajorisSirius1.
460.
011.
48.
6lyE6AlphaCarinae.
.
.
Canopus.
.
0.
710.
165.
6310S3AlphaCentauri.
.
.
Toliman1).
.
0.
280.
734.
14.
40S15AlphaBootis.
.
.
.
Arcturus.
.
0.
051.
230.
336.
5E15AlphaLyraeVega.
.
.
.
0.
030.
000.
625.
3N18AlphaAurigae.
.
.
Capella.
.
.
0.
070.
800.
542N6BetaOrionis.
.
.
.
Rigel.
.
.
.
0.
140.
036.
9800E4AlphaCanisMinorisProcyon.
.
0.
390.
422.
711.
4E9AlphaEridani.
.
.
.
Achernar.
.
0.
450.
162.
8143S0AlphaOrionis.
.
.
.
Betelgeuse.
0.
3–0.
91.
844.
9350E5BetaCentauri.
.
.
Hadar,Agena0.
610.
245.
5520S15AlphaCrucis.
.
.
.
Acrux.
.
.
0.
750.
244.
4340S12AlphaAquilae.
.
.
.
Altair,Atair0.
770.
222.
216.
7E21AlphaTauriAldebaran.
0.
871.
540.
766E3AlphaVirginis.
.
.
Spica.
.
.
.
0.
980.
233.
5260E16AlphaScorpii.
.
.
.
Antares.
.
0.
9–1.
11.
844.
8450E18BetaGeminorum.
Pollux.
.
.
1.
141.
001.
133.
5E7AlphaPiscisAustriniFomalhaut.
1.
160.
121.
725.
2E22BetaCrucis.
.
.
.
Mimosa.
.
1.
250.
243.
9340S12AlphaCygniDeneb.
.
.
1.
250.
097.
72000N20AlphaLeonis.
.
.
.
Regulus.
.
1.
360.
100.
577E11EpsilonCanisMajorisAdhara.
.
.
1.
500.
214.
1430E6AlphaGeminorum.
Castor.
.
.
1.
580.
030.
652E7GammaCrucis.
.
.
.
Gacrux.
.
.
1.
601.
570.
688S12LambdaScorpii.
.
.
.
Shaula.
.
.
1.
620.
234.
9600S21GammaOrionis.
.
.
.
Bellatrix.
.
1.
640.
222.
7240E51)alsocalledRigilKentaurusSourceMeteorShowerStartMax.
EndTimeRateRadiantSpeedCometQuadrantidsJan2Jan3Jan40–7h40/h15h20m+50o45kmsplanetarLyridsApr15Apr22Apr2421–4101810+35501861IηAquaridsMay1May5May103–4152230065HalleyδAquaridsJul24Jul31Aug100–31523001530eclipticalPerseidsJul28Aug11Aug2021–480300+5860Swift-TuttleOrionidsOct15Oct20Oct2523–615620+1565HalleyTauridsOct20Nov10Nov3019–610350+2030EnckeLeonidsNov15Nov17Nov191–6101010+2070Tempel-TuttleGeminidsDec8Dec13Dec1519–750730+3035eclipticalUrsidsDec20Dec22Dec2318–7101430+7535TuttleTime:periodofvisibilityfornorthern-hemisphereobservers.
Rate:meteorfrequencyatmaximum,radiantatzenith(zenithhourlyrate).
151Calendar2006–2014Year:060708091011121314Moon:NewNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlFullJanuary29141938222611153041923911271,3016February281317272125914283182171025-14March29141937212611153041922811271,3016April2713172620259142831821610252915May2713162520249142731720610252814June2511151,3031822712261151948232713July2511143031822711261,31151938222612August23912281,301620610242913172,316212510September2271126291518482327121630519249October2271126281418472326121529518238November205924271316262125101328317226December2059242712162,3152124101328317226MercuryeastFeb24Feb7Jan22Jan4--Mar5Feb16Jan31westernel.
Apr8Mar22Mar3Feb13Jan27Jan9Apr18Mar31Mar14easternel.
Jun20Jun2May14Apr26Apr8Mar23Jul1Jun12May25westernel.
Aug7Jul20Jul1Jun13May26May7Aug16Jul30Jul12easternel.
Oct17Sep29Sep11Aug24Aug7Jul20Oct26Oct9Sep21westernel.
Nov25Nov8Oct22Oct6Sep19Sep3Dec4Nov18Nov1easternel.
---Dec18Dec1Nov14---westernel.
Dec23---Venuseast-Jun9-Jan14Aug20-Mar27Nov1-inferiorc.
Jan13Aug18-Mar27Oct29-Jun6-Jan11westernel.
Mar25Oct28-Jun5-Jan8Aug15-Mar22superiorc.
Oct27-Jun9-Jan11Aug16-Mar28Oct25Marsopposit.
-Dec24--Jan29-Mar3-Apr8constellation-Gem--Cnc-Leo-VirJupiteropposit.
May4Jun6Jul9Aug14Sep21Oct29Dec3-Jan5constellationLibOphSgrCapPscAriTau-GemSaturnopposit.
Jan27Feb10Feb24Mar8Mar22Apr3Apr15Apr28May10constellationCncLeoLeoLeoVirVirVirLibLibFirstSundaySuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDJulianDate2453/42454.
.
.
2454.
.
.
2454/52455.
.
.
2455.
.
.
2455/62456.
.
.
2456.
.
.
January173671016466483231972562192762935658February576741323497186372286593595833242689March579541602526189172566621498733522717April282611916557592242873652101873836748May785662214587395223171682604854134778June488732521618798363485713307924441809July291712826648501343783743110974746839August694853133679204414097774514045053870September397923447710607554404805217115367901October100973745740410534702835720165665931November504044052771113675016866423235972962December307024357801616655314896226216277992NewMoon,FullMoon:underscoredaresolarandlunareclipses,totaleclipses.
Planets:greatestelongationeast/west,inferior/superiorconjunction,opposition.
1522015–2024CalendarYear:15161718192021222324MoonNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlNwFlJan.
20510242812172,31621241013282172161125Feb.
183822261115-4192391127116205924March2059232812172,3162124913282182171025April1847222611163051923812271,3016206823May1846212510152941822711263016195823June162520249132831721510242914184622July162,31419239132721620510242813173521August142921821711261,30151938222712161,31419Sep.
1328116206925281417272025101529318Oct.
13271,30161959242813161,316202591428217Nov.
11252914184723261215304192381327115Dec.
112529141837222612143041923812271,3015MercuryJan14---Feb27Feb10Jan24Jan7--westFeb24Feb7Jan19Jan1Apr11Mar24Mar6Feb16Jan30Jan12eastMay7Apr18Apr1Mar15Jun23Jun4May17Apr29Apr11Mar24westJun24Jun5May17Apr29Aug9Jul22Jul4Jun16May29May9eastSep4Aug16Jul30Jul12Oct20Oct1Sep14Aug27Aug10Jul22westOct16Sep28Sep12Aug26Nov28Nov10Oct25Oct8Sep22Sep5eastDec29Dec11Nov24Nov6---Dec21Dec4Nov16west---Dec15Dec25VenuseJun6-Jan12Aug17-Mar24Oct29-Jun4-inf.
Aug15-Mar25Oct26-Jun3-Jan9Aug13-westOct26-Jun3-Jan6Aug13-Mar20Oct23-sup.
-Jun6-Jan9Aug14-Mar26Oct22-Jun4Mars-May22-Jul27-Oct13-Dec8--constell.
-Sco-Cap-Psc-Tau--JupiterFeb6Mar8Apr7May9Jun10Jul14Aug20Sep26Nov3Dec7constell.
CncLeoVirLibOphSgrAqrPscAriTauSaturnMay23Jun3Jun15Jun27Jul9Jul20Aug2Aug14Aug27Sep8constell.
LibOphOphSgrSgrSgrCapCapAqrAqrFirstSu.
SuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDSuJDJul.
Date2457.
.
.
2457.
.
.
2457/82458.
.
.
2458.
.
.
2458/92459.
.
.
2459.
.
.
2459/602460.
.
.
Jan.
4023338817547119648458493215258019457310Feb.
1054741957854150351528807246661159764341March1082644858134178354319097274663950043370April5113347928441209757459404305367020357401May3143150978746239560439702335170070655431June7174554049053270263570016366573140962462July5204357029351300766550314396376121267492August2235760169665331469620621427779261574523Sep.
6266463239972362172760935458482331881554Oct.
4296266210277392675741233488285312186584Nov.
1327669350584423378811547519688452493615Dec.
6357472330882453181861845549491432791645JulianDate=headofcolumn+entry+dayofmonth+(UT12h)/24h.
Example:25Dec.
2010,1h:JD=2455000+531+251124=2455555.
542.
153NebulaNumbersM=Messier,ChartNGC=NewGeneralCatalogue,ChartNumber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ηCarinaeNebula=NGC3372S9M50E8M105E11IC2391S6oVelorumCluster=IC2391S6M51N12M106N12IC2602S9ωCentauri=NGC5139S15M52N22M107E17IC4665E1747Tucanae=NGC104S0M53E13M108N10IC4725E20CentaurusA=NGC5128S15M54E20M109N10IC4756E19FornaxA=NGC1316S0M55E22M110N0IC5067N20VirgoA=M87E14154NebulaNamesNebulaNameNGCMessierConst.
Mag.
TypeVis.
ChartAndromedaGalaxy224M31And4GlxN0Barnard'sGalaxy6822.
.
.
Sgr9GlxE22BlackEyeGalaxy4826M64Com9GlxE13BlinkingPlanetary6826.
.
.
Cyg812PNN18BlueSnowball7662.
.
.
And812PNN24ButteryCluster6405M6Sco412OCE18ChristmasTree(Cluster).
.
.
2264.
.
.
Mon4OCE7CoalsackCru(3)DarkN.
S12Coma(Star)ClusterCom212OCE13CrabNebula1952M1Tau8DNE3DoubleCluster,handχPersei869,884Per4OCN2DumbbellNebula6853M27Vul7PNE21EagleNebula6611M16Ser6DNE20EskimoNebula2392.
.
.
Gem9PNE7Fornax(Galaxy)Cluster.
.
.
.
1316,1365For9GlxS0GhostofJupiter3242.
.
.
Hya8PNE10HelixNebula7293.
.
.
Aqr7PNE24HerculesCluster6205M13Her6GCN14Hubble'sVariableNebula.
.
.
2261.
.
.
Mon912DNE7HyadesTau1OCE3JewelBox,κCrucis(Cluster).
4755.
.
.
Cru412OCS12LagoonNebula6523M8Sgr412DNE20LargeMagellanicCloud,LMCDor0GlxS3LittleDumbbell650M76Per10PNN0Makarian's(Galaxy)Chain.
.
.
M86–M88Com912GlxE14NorthAmericaNebula7000.
.
.
Cyg5DNN20OmegaNebula,SwanNebula.
6618M17Sgr6DNE20OrionNebula1976M42Ori312DNE4OwlNebula3587M97UMa10PNN10PelicanNebulaIC5067.
.
.
Cyg7DNN20PinwheelGalaxy5457M101UMa8GlxN10Pleiades,SevenSistersM45Tau112OCE3Praesepe,Beehive(Cluster).
.
2632M44Cnc312OCE9Quasi–StellarObject3C273Vir13QuasarE14RingNebula6720M57Lyr812PNN18RosetteNebula2237.
.
.
Mon6DNE9SaturnNebula7009.
.
.
Aqr8PNE24SculptorGalaxy253.
.
.
Scl712GlxE0SmallMagellanicCloud,SMCTuc212GlxS0SombreroGalaxy4594M104Vir812GlxE12SouthernPleiadesIC2602.
.
.
Car2OCS9SpindleGalaxy3115.
.
.
Sex912GlxE10TarantulaNebula2070.
.
.
Dor412DNS3TriangulumGalaxy598M33Tri6GlxN0TridNebula6514M20Sgr7DNE20VeilNebula,FilametaryNebula6960.
.
.
Cyg9DNN20CirrusN.
,NetworkNebula6992.
.
.
Cyg712DNN20VirgoClusterVir812GlxE14WhirlpoolGalaxy5194M51CVn812GlxN12155StarNamesA–IStarNameDesignat.
Mag.
ChartAcamar.
.
.
Eri2.
9S0Achernar.
.
.
αEri0.
5S0AcrabβSco2.
4E18Acrux.
.
.
.
αCru0.
7S12Acubens.
.
.
αCnc4.
3E9Adhara.
.
.
.
εCMa1.
5E6Agena.
.
.
.
βCen0.
6S15Alamak.
.
.
.
γAnd2.
1N0Albireo.
.
.
.
βCyg2.
9N18Alchiba.
.
.
.
αCrv4.
0E12Alcor80UMa4.
0N10Alcyone.
.
.
ηTau2.
8E3Aldebaran.
.
αTau0.
9E3Alderamin.
.
αCep2.
5N22Aldhafera.
.
ζLeo3.
4E11AlrkβCep3.
2N22Algenib.
.
.
γPeg2.
8E1Algieba.
.
.
.
γLeo2.
0E11Algiedi.
.
.
.
αCap3.
1E22AlgolβPer2.
1–3.
4N4Algorab.
.
.
δCrv2.
9E12Alhena.
.
.
.
γGem1.
9E7Alioth.
.
.
.
εUMa1.
8N10Alkaid.
.
.
.
ηUMa1.
9N10Alkalurops.
.
Boo4.
2N14AlkesαCrt4.
1E12Alnair.
.
.
.
αGru1.
7S24Alnasl.
.
.
.
γSgr3.
0E20Alnilam.
.
.
εOri1.
7E5Alnitak.
.
.
.
ζOri1.
7E5Alphard.
.
.
αHya2.
0E10Alphekka.
.
.
αCrB2.
2E15Alpheratz.
.
αAnd2.
1N0Alschain.
.
.
βAql3.
7E21AltairαAql0.
8E21AltaisδDra3.
1N16AltarfβCnc3.
5E9AlterfλLeo4.
3E11Aludra.
.
.
.
ηCMa2.
4E6AlulaAustralisξUMa3.
8N12AlulaBorealisνUMa3.
5N12AlyaSer4.
0E19Ankaa.
.
.
.
αPhe2.
4S0Antares.
.
.
αSco0.
9–1.
1E18Arcturus.
.
.
αBoo0.
0E15Arneb.
.
.
.
αLep2.
6E4AsellusAustralisδCnc3.
9E9StarNameDesignat.
Mag.
ChartAsellusBorealisγCnc4.
7E9Aspidiske.
ξPup3.
2E6Atair.
.
.
.
αAql0.
8E21Atik.
.
.
.
oPer3.
8N4Atlas.
.
.
.
27Tau3.
6E3Avoir.
.
.
.
εCar1.
9S3Baham.
.
.
Peg3.
5E23Barnard'sStar9.
5E17BatenKaitosζCet3.
7E0Bellatrix.
.
γOri1.
6E5BenetnaschηUMa1.
9N10Betelgeuse.
αOri0.
3–0.
9E5Canopus.
.
αCar0.
7S3Capella.
.
.
αAur0.
1N6Castor.
.
.
αGem1.
6E7Cebalrai.
.
βOph2.
8E17Ceginus.
.
γBoo3.
0N14Chaph.
.
.
βCas2.
3N2CorCaroli.
αCVn2.
8N12Coxa.
.
.
.
Leo3.
3E11Cursa.
.
.
.
βEri2.
8E2Deneb.
.
.
αCyg1.
3N20DenebAlgediδCap2.
8–3.
1E22DenebKaitosβCet2.
0E0Denebola.
.
βLeo2.
1E11Diadem.
.
.
αCom4.
3E13Diphda.
.
.
βCet2.
0E0DoubleDoubleεLyr3.
9N18Dubhe.
.
.
αUMa1.
8N10Edasich.
.
ιDra3.
3N16Electra.
.
.
17Tau3.
7E3ElmuthallethαTri3.
4N0Elnath.
.
.
βTau1.
7E3EnifεPeg2.
4E23Errai.
.
.
.
γCep3.
2N22Ettanin.
.
.
γDra2.
2N16Fomalhaut.
αPsA1.
2E22Gacrux.
.
.
γCru1.
6S12Gemma.
.
αCrB2.
2E15Giauzar.
.
λDra3.
8N16Gienah.
.
.
γCrv2.
6E12Gomeisa.
.
βCMi2.
9E9Grumium.
ξDra3.
7N16Hadar.
.
.
βCen0.
6S15Hamal.
.
.
αAri2.
0E1Homam.
.
ζPeg3.
4E23IzarεBoo2.
4E15156K–ZStarNamesStarNameDesignat.
Mag.
ChartKausAustralisεSgr1.
8E20KausBorealisλSgr2.
8E20KausMediaδSgr2.
7E20Kitalphar.
αEqu3.
9E23Kochab.
.
.
βUMi2.
1NPLaSuperbaYCVn5.
2–5.
6N12Lesath.
.
.
υSco2.
7S21Maia.
.
.
.
20Tau3.
8E3Mark.
.
.
λOph3.
8E17Markab.
.
.
αPeg2.
5E23Matar.
.
.
ηPeg2.
9E23Mebsuta.
.
εGem3.
1E7Megrez.
.
.
δUMa3.
3N10Mekbuda.
.
ζGem3.
6–4.
2E7MenkalinanβAur1.
9N6Menkar.
.
.
αCet2.
5E0Menkib.
.
.
ξPer4.
0N4Merak.
.
.
βUMa2.
3N10Merope.
.
.
23Tau4.
1E3Mesarthim.
γAri3.
9E1MiaplacidusβCar1.
7S9Mimosa.
.
βCru1.
3S12Mintaka.
.
δOri2.
2E5Mira.
.
.
.
oCet3.
4–9.
2E0Mirach.
.
.
βAnd2.
1N0Mirphak.
.
αPer1.
8N4Mirzam.
.
.
βCMa2.
0E6Mizar.
.
.
.
ζUMa2.
0N10Muphrid.
.
ηBoo2.
7E15Nath.
.
.
.
βTau1.
7E3Nekkar.
.
.
βBoo3.
5N14Nihal.
.
.
.
βLep2.
8E4NorthStar.
αUMi2.
0NPNunki.
.
.
σSgr2.
0E20Nusakan.
.
βCrB3.
7E15Peacock.
.
αPav1.
9S24Phact.
.
.
.
αCol2.
6E2Phad.
.
.
.
γUMa2.
4N10Phegda.
.
.
γUMa2.
4N10Pherkad.
.
γUMi3.
0NPPhurud.
.
.
ζCMa3.
0E6Piazzi'sFlying61Cyg4.
8N24PleioneStar28Tau4.
9–5.
2E3Polaris.
.
.
αUMi2.
0NPPollux.
.
.
βGem1.
1E7Porrima.
.
γVir2.
7E12Procyon.
.
αCMi0.
4E9PulcherrimaεBoo2.
4E15Rasalgethi.
αHer2.
6–3.
4E19StarNameDesignat.
Mag.
ChartRasalhague.
αOph2.
1E17Rastaben.
.
.
βDra2.
8N16Regulus.
.
.
αLeo1.
4E11RigelβOri0.
1E4RigilKentaurusαCen0.
3S15Ruchbah.
.
.
δCas2.
7N2Ruticulus.
.
βHer2.
8E19SabikηOph2.
4E17Sadachbia.
.
γAqr3.
9E24Sadalbari.
.
.
Peg3.
5E23Sadalmelik.
.
αAqr3.
0E24Sadalsuud.
.
βAqr2.
9E24SadrγCyg2.
2N20SaiphκOri2.
1E4Sargas.
.
.
.
Sco1.
9S21Scheat.
.
.
.
βPeg2.
4–2.
6E23Schedir.
.
.
.
αCas2.
2N2Shaula.
.
.
.
λSco1.
6S21Sheliak.
.
.
.
βLyr3.
3–4.
2N18Sheratan.
.
.
βAri2.
6E1SiriusαCMa1.
5E6Sirrah.
.
.
.
αAnd2.
1N0SpicaαVir1.
0E16SuhailAlMuhlifγVel1.
5–1.
7S6SuhailAlWaznλVel2.
2S6Sulaphat.
.
.
γLyr3.
2N18Talitha.
.
.
.
ιUMa3.
1N8TaniaAustralisUMa3.
1N10TaniaBorealisλUMa3.
5N10Tarazed.
.
.
γAql2.
7E21Taygeta.
.
.
19Tau4.
3E3TejatPosteriorGem2.
9E7TejatPrior.
.
ηGem3.
2–3.
4E7Thuban.
.
.
αDra3.
7N16Toliman.
.
.
αCen0.
3S15Trapezium.
.
1Ori4.
6E4Unukalhai.
.
αSer2.
6E16VegaαLyr0.
0N18VindemiatrixεVir2.
8E16Wasat.
.
.
.
δGem3.
5E7Wezen.
.
.
.
δCMa1.
8E6YedPosteriorεOph3.
2E17YedPrior.
.
δOph2.
7E17Zaniah.
.
.
.
ηVir3.
9E12Zaurak.
.
.
.
γEri3.
0E2Zawijava.
.
.
βVir3.
6E12Zosma.
.
.
.
δLeo2.
6E11ZubenelgenubiαLib2.
6E16ZubeneschemaliβLib2.
6E16157ConstellationsAnd–LMiAbbr.
ConstellationGenitiveMeaningChartNeb.
St.
AndAndromeda.
.
Andromedae.
.
.
ChainedLady.
.
N0(N24)616AntAntliaAntliaeAirPump.
.
.
.
E10.
.
-1ApsApusApodisBirdofParadiseS24.
.
-4AqrAquarius.
.
.
.
AquariiWater-bearer.
.
E24.
.
519AqlAquilaAquilaeEagleE21.
.
-15AraAraAraeAltarS18.
.
18AriAriesArietisRamE1.
.
-8AurAurigaAurigaeCharioteer.
.
.
.
N6.
.
514BooBootesBootisHerdsman.
.
.
.
E15(N14)-18CaeCaelumCaeliChiselS3.
.
--CamCamelopardalisCamelopadalis.
.
GiraeN2(NP)16CncCancerCancriCrabE9.
.
211CVnCanesVenaticiCanumVenaticorumHuntingDogs.
N12.
.
115CMaCanisMajor.
.
CanisMajoris.
.
BigDogE6.
.
418CMiCanisMinor.
.
CanisMinoris.
.
LittleDog.
.
.
.
E9.
.
-3CapCapricornus.
.
Capricorni.
.
.
.
SeaGoatE22.
.
112CarCarinaCarinaeKeelS9(S3)720CasCassiopeia.
.
.
Cassiopeiae.
.
.
QueenintheChairN2.
.
817CenCentaurus.
.
.
CentauriCentaurS15(S12)426CepCepheus.
.
.
.
CepheiMonarchN22.
.
313CetCetusCetiWhaleE0.
.
218ChaChamaeleon.
.
Chamaeleontis.
Chameleon.
.
.
.
S9.
.
-4CirCircinus.
.
.
.
CirciniCompasses.
.
.
.
S15.
.
-4ColColumba.
.
.
.
Columbae.
.
.
.
DoveE2(S3)16ComComaBerenicesComaeBerenicesBerenice'sHair.
E13.
.
138CrACoronaAustralisCoronaeAustralisSouthernCrownS21.
.
17CrBCoronaBorealisCoronaeBorealisNorthernCrownE15.
.
-10CrvCorvusCorviCrowE12.
.
15CrtCraterCraterisCupE12.
.
-4CruCruxCrucisSouthernCross.
S12.
.
27CygCygnusCygniSwanN20(N18)831DelDelphinus.
.
.
DelphiniDolphinE21.
.
-5DorDoradoDoradusGoldFish.
.
.
.
S3.
.
23DraDracoDraconisDragonN16.
.
421EquEquuleus.
.
.
.
EquuleiLittleHorse.
.
.
E23.
.
-4EriEridanus.
.
.
.
EridaniRiverE2(S0)227ForFornaxFornacisFurnaceE2.
.
33GemGeminiGeminorum.
.
.
TwinsE7.
.
317GruGrusGruisCrane(bird).
.
.
S24.
.
-8HerHercules.
.
.
.
HerculisKneelerN14(E19)323HorHorologium.
.
HorologiiClockS3(S0)-2HyaHydraHydraeWaterSnake.
.
.
E10(E12)424HyiHydrusHydriLittleWaterSnakeS0.
.
-3IndIndusIndiIndianS24.
.
-3LacLacertaLacertaeLizardN24.
.
27LeoLeoLeonisLionE11.
.
817LMiLeoMinor.
.
.
LeonisMinoris.
LittleLion.
.
.
.
N8.
.
-2158Lep–VulConstellationsAbbr.
ConstellationGenitiveMeaningChartNeb.
St.
LepLepusLeporisHareE4.
.
111LibLibraLibraeBalance(Scales)E16.
.
-8LupLupusLupiWolfS18.
.
215LynLynxLyncisLynxN8(N6)18LyrLyraLyraeLyreN18.
.
28MenMensaMensaeTableMountainS9.
.
--MicMicroscopium.
Microscopii.
.
.
Microscope.
.
E22.
.
--MonMonoceros.
.
.
Monocerotis.
.
.
Unicorn.
.
.
.
E8(E9)79MusMuscaMuscaeFlyS12.
.
-6NorNormaNormaeSquare,Rule.
.
S18.
.
22OctOctansOctantisOctantS24.
.
-3OphOphiuchus.
.
.
OphiuchiSerpent-bearerE17.
.
1121OriOrionOrionisHunterE5(E4)824PavPavoPavonisPeacock.
.
.
.
S24.
.
18PegPegasus.
.
.
.
PegasiWingedHorse.
E23.
.
216PerPerseusPerseiRescuer.
.
.
.
N4.
.
819PhePhoenix.
.
.
.
Phoenicis.
.
.
.
Phoenix.
.
.
.
S0.
.
-7PicPictorPictorisPainterS3.
.
-4PscPiscesPisciumFish(two).
.
.
E1(E23)119PsAPiscisAustrinusPiscisAustrini.
SouthernFish.
E22.
.
-6PupPuppisPuppisSternS6(E6)918PyxPyxisPyxidisCompass.
.
.
.
E10.
.
-3RetReticulum.
.
.
ReticuliReticle,Net.
.
S3.
.
-4SgeSagittaSagittaeArrowE21.
.
15SgrSagittarius.
.
.
SagittariiArcherE20.
.
1816ScoScorpius.
.
.
.
ScorpiiScorpion.
.
.
.
E18(S21)722SclSculptor.
.
.
.
Sculptoris.
.
.
.
Sculptor.
.
.
.
E0.
.
33SctScutumScutiShieldE19.
.
33SerSerpens(Caput)Serpentis(Caputis)Serpent(Head)E16.
.
18(Cauda)Caudae)Tail)E19.
.
24SexSextansSextantisSextantE10.
.
13TauTaurusTauriBullE3.
.
424TelTelescopium.
.
Telescopii.
.
.
.
Telescope.
.
.
S21.
.
-2TriTriangulum.
.
TrianguliTriangle.
.
.
.
N0.
.
16TrATriangulumAus-TrianguliAustralisSouthernTriangleS24.
.
-5TucTucanatraleTucanaeToucanS0(S24)33UMaUrsaMajor.
.
UrsaeMajoris.
.
GreatBear.
.
N10(N8)1124UMiUrsaMinor.
.
UrsaeMinoris.
.
LittleBear.
.
.
NP.
.
-8VelVelaVelorumSailsS6.
.
416VirVirgoVirginisMaidenE16.
.
1713VolVolansVolantisFlyingFish.
.
S3.
.
-6VulVulpecula.
.
.
Vulpeculae.
.
.
.
FoxE21.
.
238888(89)88(89)88(89)48250900Chart:chartnumber(s)forthemainpartoftheconstellation.
Neb.
,St.
:numberofnebulaeandstarsinthecatalog.
159GlossaryA–PPagenumberslocatemoredetailedexplanations.
Abs.
,AbsoluteMagnitude(p.
14):TheV-magnitudeofastarinadistanceof32.
6lightyears(=10parsec).
Thelistedvaluesrefertothemaximumbrightnessforvariablestarsandtothecombinedbrightnessforbinaries.
TheabsolutemagnitudeoftheSunis4M.
8.
Binary(p.
15):Astellarobjecttotheunaidedeyebutresolvedintotwo(ormore)starsinatelescope.
Thecomponentsarewithinvearc-minutesofeachother.
Ifbothcomponentsappearclosetoeachotherbutarephysicallywellseparated,bothdistancesarelistedinthecatalogofstars,andtheseparationisroundedtofullarc-seconds.
Thecatalogcontains250binarieswithcomponentsbrighterthanmagnitude8.
0.
BVColorIndex(p.
13andFig.
p.
14):Thedierenceinmagnitudesbetweenblue(B)andyellow-green(V)light.
Itdescribesthecolorofastar.
Bluestarshaveanegativecolorindex,yellowstarshaveaBVof1–2.
Dec.
,Declination(p.
5):Angulardistancefromthecelestialequator,positivetowardsthenorth.
Equinox:2000.
0.
Dist.
,Distance(Fig.
p.
2andTablep.
3):Distancestostarsandnebulaearelistedinlightyears(ly)ormillionlightyears(Mly).
Alightyearisthedistancethelighttravelswithinoneyear,whichis9.
46trillionkilometers,5.
88trillionmiles,or2100timesthedistanceSun–Neptune.
Oneparsecis3.
26lightyears.
Eclipse(p.
16):Thedurationoftheeclipseforeclipsingvariablestars.
Itincludesbothdecreaseandincreaseofbrightness.
Thetimeofminimumbrightnessiscenteredwithinthisduration.
Extrema(p.
16):Maximumandminimummagnitudesofavariablestareverobserved.
Theseextremevalueshappenrarely.
Max.
,Maximum,Min.
,Minimum(p.
16):Thetimeofmaximumandmini-mumbrightnessofvariablestars,giveninthedaynumberingschemeoftheJulianDate(seepp.
152,153).
"Min.
=Max.
+10"meansthattheminimumoccurs10daysafterthemaximum.
2ndmin.
(p.
16):Themagnitudeatsecondaryminimumforvariablestars.
Name(p.
9andpp.
156,157):Ahistoricnameofastarwithinternationalspellingpreferred.
Namesstillinusetodayareprintedinboldletters.
Nebula(pp.
17–19and154,155):Anon-stellarobject,designatedbyanumber(NGC-number),byanIC-numberoraMessier-number(M).
Clustersofstarsareincludedintheterm"nebula"inthiscatalog.
Descriptionsforthe250selectednebulaereferto12*50mmbinocularsandatelescopeof150mm(6inch)apertureunderagood,darksky.
Period(p.
16):Thedurationofperiodicityforvariablestars,listedindays(d).
Position(p.
7):Thelocationinthestarchart,indicatedinasmallrectangle.
Adotmarksthelocationinthemainstarscharts.
Asmallcirclemarksthelocationintheenlargedsections.
Preceedingthisrectangleistheabbreviatedconstellation(seepp.
158,159).
Dashedlinesinthestarchartsshowtheboundariesbetweenconstellations.
PA,PositionAngle(p.
15):Thedirectiononthecelestialspherebetweenbothcomponentsofabinarystar,graphicallyshownwithnorthatthetop.
160R–ZGlossaryR.
A.
,RightAscension(p.
5):Longitudeonthecelestialsphere,measuredfromtherstpointofariesorvernalpointtowardstheeast,giveninhoursandminutesfrom0to24hours(1h=15o).
Equinox:2000.
0.
Sep.
,Separation(p.
15,Fig.
p.
5,andTablep.
10):Theapparentangularseparationinarc-secondsbetweenthetwocomponentsofabinarystar.
Shape(Tablep.
19):Classicationofnebulaeaccordingtotheirappearanceinatelescope.
Thisentryispreceededbyanovalshowingtheelongation.
Size(Fig.
p.
5andTablep.
10):Apparentdiameterofnebulae(alonglongaxis),listedinarc-minutes.
Sp.
,SpectralType(p.
13):ClassicationofstarsbasedontheirspectrallinesintothetypesO,B,A,F,G,K,M,andCwithdecimals0–9.
Star(p.
9):MoststarsaredesignatedbyanumberaccordingtoFlamsteedand/oraGreekletteraccordingtoBayerincombinationwiththegen-itiveoftheconstellation.
Dataonbrightnessandcolorofstarsincludeallcomponentswithinvearc-minutesseparation.
Thecatalogcontains900stars,includingall556starsdowntomagnitude4.
0.
StarCharts(pp.
6,7,and164,165):Themainstarchartscontainall5700starsdowntomagnitude6.
0atascaleof4o/cm(10o/inch).
Theroundmagniedsectionscontain30000outofthe200000starsdowntomag-nitude9.
0atascaleof1o/cm(2.
5o/inch).
Te.
,Temperature(pp.
13,14):Surfacetemperatureofastarshownwithasymbolofathermometer.
Hotstarsarebluish:,coolstarsareyellow:.
Binarieswithdierenttemperaturesdisplayanimpressivecolorcontrast.
Type(pp.
17–19):ClassicationofnebulaeintoPN:planetarynebulae,DN:diusenebulaeorgalacticnebulae,OC:openstarclusters,GC:globularstarclusters,andGlx:galaxies.
VariableStar(pp.
15,16):Astarthatchangesitsbrightness.
Thecatalogcon-tains81variablestarswithanamplitudeofatleastaquartermagnitudeandamaximumbrightnessofatleastaboutmagnitude5.
Vis.
,Visibility(Tablespp.
10and12,bottom):Ameasureofvisibilityofnebulaeandbinariesuniquetothisbook.
Sixlevelsaccordingtosixinstrumentsaredistinguished.
Objectsofthevisibilityarevisibleasanebulaorbinaryonlyinatelescope,butatvisibilityevenwiththeunaidedeye.
Openeyesinthesymbols–indicatealowsurfacebrightnesswhichrequiresverydarkskyforsuccessfulobservation.
v-Mag.
,v-Magnitude(pp.
11–13,Fig.
p.
4,andTablesp.
12):Visualmagni-tudeaccordingtothespectralsensitivityofthenight-adaptedeyewithindirectvision.
Thiscataloglistsv-magnitudesforthetotalmagnitude(rstentry)andsurfacebrightness(secondentry,mag.
/)ofnebulae.
Thesurfacebrightnessisthemeanmagnitudepersquarearc-minute.
V-Mag.
,V-Magnitude(p.
11,Fig.
p.
4,andTablep.
12,top):Themag-nitudeVintheUBV-systemwhichcloselycorrespondstothespectralsensitivityoftheeyewithdirectvision.
ThiscataloglistsV-magnitudesforstars.
Inmostcases,thedierencebetweenv-magnitudeandV-magnitudeisinsignicant.
Variablestarshavetheirtypicalmagnituderangelistedinthesamecolumn.
AblackdotpreceedingtheentryoftheV-magnitudeshowsthesizeofthestellardiskinthemainstarchart.
161MeanandExtremeValuesParameterTypeMedianExtremeObjectChartDistancenebula10000lygr.
2500MlyQuasar3C273E14galaxy35Mlygr.
80MlyNGC5746E15sm.
170000lyLargeMagellanicCl.
S3globularcluster28000lygr.
85000lyM54,NGC6715E20sm.
7000lyM4,NGC6121E18opencluster3000lygr.
12000lyNGC2324E9sm.
150lyHyadesE3diusenebula5000lygr.
170000lyTarantulaNebulaS3sm.
1200lyM78,NGC2068E5planetarynebula3500lygr.
7000lyNGC6818E22sm.
500lyHelixNebulaE24star240lygr.
6000lyCassiopeiaeN22sm.
4.
40lyToliman,αCentauriS15TrueSizenebula45lysm.
0.
3lyNGC7027N20galaxy60000lygr.
200000lyNGC4565E13globularcluster60lygr.
150lyωCentauriS15opencluster18lygr.
60lyhandχPerseiN2diusenebula25lygr.
1200lyTarantulaNebulaS3planetarynebula0.
7lygr.
3lyNGC1360E2binary-2light-daysgr.
5lyoCentauriS12separationsm.
40light-min.
Porrima,year2006E12star7millionkmgr.
2light-hoursCepheiN22sm.
20000kmo2EridanicompanionE2ApparentSizenebula10gr.
420=7oLargeMagellanicCl.
S3Brightnessnebulamag.
8gr.
mag.
0LargeMagellanicCl.
S3Luminositynebula40000gr.
4000000MQuasar3C273E14galaxy22000Mgr.
120000MM49,NGC4472E14globularcluster80000gr.
800000ωCentauriS15opencluster3500gr.
140000handχPerseiN2diusenebula1000gr.
50MTarantulaNebulaS3planetarynebula180gr.
1600NGC6572E19star0M.
2,70gr.
100000Deneb,αCyg7M.
7N20=solarluminositysm.
0.
0004Barnard'sStar13M.
2E17ColorBVwhite0.
4gr.
red3.
4RLeporisE4sm.
blue0.
26ζPuppisS6ColorContrast0.
4,0.
2gr.
1.
9,0.
0Antares,αScorpiiE18Rotation2005–20201ogr.
202oPorrima,γVirginisE12Separation–Change"0.
1gr.
6.
5Toliman,αCentauriS15ProperMotion/Year0.
05gr.
10.
4Barnard'sStarE17Periodvariablestar90daysgr.
27yearsεAurigaeN6sm.
2min.
SuhailAlMuhlifS6Amplitudevariablestar0.
6gr.
7mag.
RSerpentismag.
6–13E16Listedaremeanvalue(median)andgreatest/smallestvaluewithinthecatalog.
162