receiver802.11g

802.
11WirelessLANProvidesnetworkconnectivityoverwirelessmediaAnAccessPoint(AP)isinstalledtoactasBridgebetweenWirelessandWiredNetworkTheAPisconnectedtowirednetworkandisequippedwithantennaetoprovidewirelessconnectivityLANTechnologiesNetworkconnectivitytothelegacywiredLANDesktopwithPCI802.
11LANcardLaptopwithPCMCIA802.
11LANcardAccessPoint802.
11WirelessLANRange(DistancebetweenAccessPointandWLANclient)dependsonstructuralhindrancesandRFgainoftheantennaattheAccessPointToservicelargerareas,multipleAPsmaybeinstalledwitha20-30%overlapAclientisalwaysassociatedwithoneAPandwhentheclientmovesclosertoanotherAP,itassociateswiththenewAP(Hand-Off)Threeflavors:802.
11b802.
11a802.
11gLANTechnologiesMultipleAccesswithCollisionAvoidance(MACA)BeforeeverydatatransmissionSendersendsaRequesttoSend(RTS)framecontainingthelengthofthetransmissionReceiverrespondwithaCleartoSend(CTS)frameSendersendsdataReceiversendsanACK;nowanothersendercansenddataWhensenderdoesn'tgetaCTSback,itassumescollisionLANTechnologiessenderreceiverothernodeinsender'srangeRTSCTSACKdataothernodeinreceiver'srangeWLAN:802.
11bThemostpopular802.
11standardcurrentlyindeployment.
Supports1,2,5.
5and11Mbpsdataratesinthe2.
4GHzISM(Industrial-Scientific-Medical)bandLANTechnologiesWLAN:802.
11aOperatesinthe5GHzUNII(UnlicensedNationalInformationInfrastructure)bandIncompatiblewithdevicesoperatingin2.
4GHzSupportsDataratesupto54Mbps.
LANTechnologiesWLAN:802.
11gSupportsdataratesashighas54Mbpsonthe2.
4GHzbandProvidesbackwardcompatibilitywith802.
11bequipmentLANTechnologiesRepeater,HUB,Bridge&SwitchREPEATER,HUB,BRIDGEANDSWITCHRepeaterArepeaterreceivesasignal,regeneratesit,andpassesiton.
Itcanregenerateandretimenetworksignalsatthebitleveltoallowthemtotravelalongerdistanceonthemedia.
ItoperatesatPhysicalLayerofOSITheFourRepeaterRulefor10-MbpsEthernetshouldbeusedasastandardwhenextendingLANsegments.
ThisrulestatesthatnomorethanfourrepeaterscanbeusedbetweenhostsonaLAN.
Thisruleisusedtolimitlatencyaddedtoframetravelbyeachrepeater.
Repeater,Hub,Bridge&SwitchHubHubsareusedtoconnectmultiplenodestoasinglephysicaldevice,whichconnectstothenetwork.
Hubsareactuallymultiportrepeaters.
Usingahubchangesthenetworktopologyfromalinearbus,toastar.
Withhubs,dataarrivingoverthecablestoahubportiselectricallyrepeatedonalltheotherportsconnectedtothesamenetworksegment,exceptfortheportonwhichthedatawassent.
Repeater,Hub,Bridge&SwitchBridgeBridgesareusedtologicallyseparatenetworksegmentswithinthesamenetwork.
TheyoperateattheOSIdatalinklayer(Layer2)andareindependentofhigher-layerprotocols.
Thefunctionofthebridgeistomakeintelligentdecisionsaboutwhetherornottopasssignalsontothenextsegmentofanetwork.
Whenabridgereceivesaframeonthenetwork,thedestinationMACaddressislookedupinthebridgetabletodeterminewhethertofilter,flood,orcopytheframeontoanothersegmentBroadcastPacketsareforwardedRepeater,Hub,Bridge&SwitchSwitchSwitchesareMultiportBridges.
Switchesprovideauniquenetworksegmentoneachport,therebyseparatingcollisiondomains.
Today,networkdesignersarereplacinghubsintheirwiringclosetswithswitchestoincreasetheirnetworkperformanceandbandwidthwhileprotectingtheirexistingwiringinvestments.
Likebridges,switcheslearncertaininformationaboutthedatapacketsthatarereceivedfromvariouscomputersonthenetwork.
Switchesusethisinformationtobuildforwardingtablestodeterminethedestinationofdatabeingsentbyonecomputertoanothercomputeronthenetwork.
Repeater,Hub,Bridge&SwitchSwitches:DedicatedAccessHostshavedirectconnectiontoswitchFullDuplex:NocollisionsSwitching:A-to-A'andB-to-B'simultaneously,nocollisionsSwitchescanbecascadedtoexpandthenetworkRepeater,Hub,Bridge&SwitchswitchAA'BB'CC'