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-1-Welcometothe12thAnnualHarvardEastAsiaSocietyGraduateStudentConference!
Sinceitsinception,theHEASConferencehasstriventoprovideaninterdisciplinaryforumforgraduatestudentsacrosstheglobetoexchangeideasandtopresentcutting-edgescholarshipinthefieldofEastAsianStudies.
Wearepleasedthisyearnotonlytowelcomethemanyenthusiasticparticipantsfromuniversitiesacrossthecountryandtheworld,butalsotohaveattractedatalentedcontingentofpresentersfromHarvardUniversity'sdiversegraduateprograms.
Thisyear,wehaveorganizedtheconferencearoundthethemeof"BridgesandBordersinEastAsia,"anexpressionofthemutableandpermeablebarriersthathavedominatedtheEastAsianlandscapeandourconceptionsofit.
Wecalledforandreceivedpapersthatsoughttobridgedivisions–betweenpeople,spaces,ideas,orcultures.
Alongsidethe58panelistswhoseworkrangesfromresearchonBodhisattvaimagerytoNorthKoreanrefugees,welookforwardtoexploringtheparadoxesofsocial,cultural,physical,andintellectualspacethatendureintherealandimaginarybordersandbridgesofEastAsia.
Toaddressthistheme,weareextremelyhonoredtohavethedistinguishedElizabethtenGrotenhuis,ProfessorEmerita,BostonUniversity,andmemberoftheBoardofDirectorsoftheSilkRoadProject,asourkeynotespeaker.
Ontheopeningeveningoftheconference,inanaddresstitled"BlueandWhiteCeramics:ASilkRoadStory,"ProfessortenGrotenhuiswilldiscusstheculturalimpactconcomitantwiththehistoricaltransmissionofblueandwhiteporcelainpotterythroughouttheEastAsianregionandtheworld.
OnSaturday,PeterK.
Bol,CharlesH.
CarswellProfessorofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizationsandtheDirectorfortheCenterforGeographicAnalysisatHarvardUniversity,willdiscussapplicationsofcomputationalmethodstoprojectsonhistoricalChinaandKoreaintheconferenceworkshoptitled"AsiaAcrossTimeandSpace:NewQuantitativeMethodsforResearchandPresentation.
"FollowingProfessorBol'spresentation,severalstudentswillpresentprojectsfeaturingGIS(GeographicalInformationSystems)andGoogleEarth,prosopographyandbiographicaldatabases,andsocialnetworkanalysis.
WearedeeplyindebtedtothefacultymembersofHarvardUniversityandneighboringuniversitiesforcontributingtheirexpertise,scholarship,andtime.
Inaddition,wewouldliketoexpressourgratitudetotheinstitutesthatgenerouslygrantedtheirfinancialsupport.
Ourgoalisthatparticipantsandattendeesalikewillleavethe2009HEASConferencewithnewideas,revealinginterpretations,andenlighteningperspectivessparkedbythediverseissuespresentedandquestionsraisedduringthethreedaysoftheconference.
Weareveryexcitedtopresentthisconferenceandhopeyouareequallyexcitedtojoinusforit.
Bestregards,NatalieRooteMikaelLindforsAkikoYamagataDanielChanTarrynChunIanMillerYiHuiChimAndreOeiRebeccaChanAudreyPattenTomHoyt2009HEASConferenceCommitteeFebruary2009-2-ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThisconferencewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthegenerousfinancialsupportof:HarvardGSASGraduateStudentCouncilHarvardUniversityAsiaCenterEdwinO.
ReischauerInstituteofJapaneseStudiesWeatherheadCenterforInternationalAffairsJohnK.
FairbankCenterforChineseStudiesKoreaInstituteWewouldliketothankProfessorElizabethtenGrotenhuis,ProfessorPeterK.
Bol,LauraFreid,andtheSilkRoadProjectfortheirinvaluablecontributionstothe2009HEASConference.
Wewouldliketothankalltheprofessorswhogenerouslygavetheirtimetoserveasdiscussants.
Theyhaveofferedinvaluablesuggestions,andwewishtothankthemsincerelyfortheirinput.
Thisconferencewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithouttheirsupport.
EileenCheng-yinChowDepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityIanCondryForeignLanguagesandLiterature,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAndrewGordonDepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityUshaHaleyAshInstitute,HarvardKennedySchool(VisitingSpring2009)MichelHockxEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversity(VisitingSpring2009)WiltL.
IdemaDepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityLorettaKimDepartmentofHistory,StateUniversityofNewYork,AlbanySunJooKimDepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityShigehisaKuriyamaDepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityIanJ.
MillerDepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityNicoleNewendorpFacultyofArtsandSciences,HarvardUniversityElisePrebinDepartmentofAnthropology,HarvardUniversityJeffSnyder-ReinkeDepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversity(Visiting2008-2009)Hue-TamHoTaiDepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityKarenL.
ThornberDepartmentofComparativeLiterature,HarvardUniversityXiaofeiTianDepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityEugeneYuejinWangDepartmentoftheHistoryofArtandArchitecture,HarvardUniversityManythankstothefollowingpersonsfortheirassistance:DavidMcCannKoreaFoundationProfessorofKoreanLiterature;ActingChair,RegionalStudies–EastAsiaAMProgramDavidDar-WeiWangHendersonProfessorofChineseLiterature;Chair,RegionalStudies–EastAsiaAMProgramSaritaZalehaRegionalStudies–EastAsiaStaffAssistantCarlyBrownandBenRobbinsHEASCo-presidentsMany,manythankstoMargaretLindsey,RegionalStudies–EastAsiaProgramAdministrator,forherunwaveringsupport,encouragement,andconfidenceinus.
-3-TABLEOFCONTENTSACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
2TABLEOFCONTENTS.
3SPECIALGUESTS.
4PANELDISCUSSANTS5CONFERENCESCHEDULE.
11LISTOFPRESENTERSWITHAFFILIATIONS12COMPILATIONOFABSTRACTS.
13POLITICALECONOMYINEASTASIA.
13FEEDINGBODYANDMIND.
14MODERNCHINESELITERATURE.
16CONTEMPORARYKOREAANDINTERNATIONALAFFAIRS.
18JOURNEYSOFMEDICALKNOWLEDGE.
20REFLECTIONSOFTHEBUDDHA22STYLEANDMEANINGINMUSICALPERFORMANCE.
24CROSS-CULTURALNARRATIONS.
25MAPPINGSPIRITUALANDMORALTRANSFORMATIONSINVIETNAM27BRUSHES,BLOCKS,ANDBIBLIOPHILIA:THEORDEROFBOOKSINEASTASIA.
28JAPANANDITSFRONTIERS.
30CHINESEMIGRATIONANDDIASPORA32CELESTIALBORDERCROSSINGS34EDOANDMEIJINATIONALIDENTITY.
36WWW.
IDENTITY.
CN37HISTORICALEXCHANGESBETWEENCHINAANDCHOSUNKOREA.
39Theviewsandopinionsexpressedinthisbookarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotreflecttheopinions,policies,orpracticesoftheHEASConferenceorHarvardUniversity.
-4-SPECIALGUESTSElizabethtenGrotenhuisProfessorEmerita,BostonUniversityDr.
ElizabethtenGrotenhuisisprofessor(emerita)ofJapanesearthistoryatBostonUniversityandassociateinresearchattheReischauerInstituteofJapaneseStudiesatHarvard.
ShereceivedherundergraduateandgraduatedegreesfromHarvardandistheauthorandeditorofmanypublications,includingJapaneseMandalas:RepresentationsofSacredGeographyandAlongtheSilkRoad.
Dr.
tenGrotenhuisisactiveontheBoardoftheSilkRoadProject.
PeterK.
BolCharlesH.
CarswellProfessorofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizationsPeterK.
BolisaHarvardCollegeProfessorandtheCharlesH.
CarswellProfessorofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations.
HeledHarvard'suniversity-wideefforttoestablishsupportforgeospatialanalysisinteachingandresearch;in2005hewasnamedthefirstdirectoroftheCenterforGeographicAnalysis.
HealsodirectstheChinaHistoricalGeographicInformationSystemsproject,collaborationbetweenHarvardandFudanUniversityinShanghaitocreateaGISfor2000yearsofChinesehistory,andisinvolvedinotherprojectsaimedatenhancingdigitalinformationlinkagesbetweenEastAsianandWesternscholars.
-5-PANELDISCUSSANTSEileenCheng-yinChowAssociateProfessorofChineseLiteraryandCulturalStudies,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityProfessorEileenCheng-yinChow'steachingandresearchcenteraroundthreeprincipalareas:modernChineseliteratureandculture;morecomparativelydefinedlmandvisualculturestudies;anddiasporastudies,bothinitstheoreticalaspectsaswellasintheformationsandlivedhistoriesofsuchcommunities.
ProfessorChowiscurrentlycompletingtwobookprojects:therst,"SpectacularNovelties:UrbanEntertainments,ZhangHenshui,and'News'CultureinRepublicanChina"and"Hollywood'sChina/China'sHao-lai-wu,"whichtakesasitsspecicpointofdeparturetheimbricatedrelationshipofChineseandHollywoodlmcultures.
ProfessorChowhasworkedinbothHollywoodandChineselmindustriesaswellasonindependentanddocumentarylmproductions.
Mostrecently,sheisembarkingonadocumentarylmprojectthattracesgenerationsofmigrantsfromoneparticularcommunityinChina–QingtianCountryinZhejiangProvince–whohaveformedauniquechain-migrationpatternofartisanstovariousareasofEuropeoverthecourseofthepastcentury.
ProfessorChowreceivedherABinLiteraturefromHarvardUniversityandherPhDinComparativeLiteraturefromStanfordUniversity,andhasalsostudiedatuniversitiesinParis,Taipei,Perugia,andShanghai.
In2002shewasoneoftworecipientsintheFASoftheRoslynAbramsonAwardforexcellenceinteachingundergraduates.
IanCondryAssociateProfessorofForeignLanguagesandLiterature,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyProfessorIanCondryreceivedhisBAingovernmentfromHarvardin1987andhisPhDinanthropologyfromYalein1999.
HeisaculturalanthropologistspecializingincontemporaryJapan,withafocusonmedia,popularculture,andglobalization.
Hisfirstbook,Hip-HopJapan:RapandthePathsofCulturalGlobalization,publishedin2006fromDukeUniversityPress,isanethnographyoftheJapaneserapmusicscenewhichexploresissuesofrace,gender,language,popularmusichistory,andculturalpoliticsprimarilythroughtheperspectivesofJapanesemusicians.
ProfessorCondry'scurrentresearchprojectis"GlobalAnime:TheMakingofJapan'sTransnationalPopularCulture,"throughwhichheisexploringthemakingofglobalanimecultures.
MakinganimeoffersacasestudyinglobalmediaandthetransnationaldynamicsofJapaneseculture.
Also,sinceJanuary2006,hehasbeenorganizingtheresearchproject"CoolJapan:Media,Culture,Technology"atMITandHarvard,whichinvolvescolloquiaandinternationalconferencesthatexaminetheculturalconnections,dangerousdistortions,andcriticalpotentialofpopularculture.
AndrewGordonLeeandJulietFolgerFundProfessorofHistory,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityAfterhisundergraduateandgraduatestudiesatHarvard,ProfessorAndrewGordontaughtatDukeUniversityfrom1984to1995.
HejoinedtheHarvardfacultyin1995andwasdirectoroftheReischauerInstitutefrom1998to2004.
Hispublicationsinclude:TheEvolutionofLaborRelationsinJapan:HeavyIndustry,1853-1955(1985);LaborandImperialDemocracyinPrewarJapan(1991);PostwarJapanasHistory(editor,1993;TheWagesofAffluence:LaborandManagementinPostwarJapan(1998);AModernHistoryofJapan(2002,secondeditionin2008),translatedintoKoreanin2005andinChineseandJapanesein2006;andNihonjingashiranaiMatsuzakamejaakakumei[Matsuzaka'sUnknownMajor-6-LeagueRevolution]Asahishinsho(2007).
ProfessorGordon'scurrentresearchfocusesontheemergenceofthemodernconsumerintwentieth-centuryJapanwithparticularattentiontotheimpactofthesewingmachineasaconsumerandhome-basedproducergood.
UshaHaleyResearchFellow,EconomicPolicyInstitute;AsiaProgramsFellow,AshInstituteforDemocraticGovernanceandInnovation),HarvardKennedySchool(Spring2009)UshaHaleyisaresearchassociateattheEconomicPolicyInstituteinWashington,D.
C.
ShewasatenuredprofessorofInternationalBusinessandfoundingdirectoroftheGlobalBusinessCenterattheUniversityofNewHaven.
Inaddition,Dr.
Haleyhasheldfull-timefacultypositionsattheUniversityofTennessee-Knoxville,NewJerseyInstituteofTechnology,AustralianNationalUniversity,NationalUniversityofSingapore,andITESM-MonterreyofMexico.
Herresearchfocusesonbusiness-governmentrelations,FDI,strategicdecision-making,sanctions,subsidies,andnon-tariffbarriers.
Shehasauthoredmorethan150publications,22journalarticles,andsixbooks,includingMultinationalCorporationsinPoliticalEnvironmentsandTheChineseTaoofBusiness.
ShehastestifiedbeforetheCongressionally-mandatedU.
S.
-ChinaEconomicandSecurityReviewCommissionandtheCommitteeonWaysandMeans,andpresentedbeforetheU.
S.
InternationalTradeCommissiononU.
S.
-Chinatrade.
Dr.
HaleyholdsaPhDinmanagementandinternationalbusinessfromtheSternSchoolofBusiness,NewYorkUniversity.
DuringherAsiaProgramsfellowship,Dr.
HaleywillresearchgovernanceandstrategyinChineseOutwardFDI.
MichelHockxProfessorofChinese,DepartmentoftheLanguagesandCulturesofChinaandInnerAsia,SOAS,UniversityofLondon;VisitingProfessor,EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversity(Spring2009)ProfessorMichelHockxstudiedChineselanguageandliteratureatLeidenUniversityandLiaoningUniversity.
HeobtainedhisPhDfromLeidenUniversityin1994.
In1996hejoinedtheSchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudies(SOAS),UniversityofLondon.
In2002hewasappointedtotheChairofChineseintheUniversityofLondon.
HeiscurrentlyaVisitingProfessoratHarvard.
ProfessorHockx'sresearchcoverstwomainareasofinterest:modernChinesepoetryandpoetics,andthesociologyofmodernChineseliterature.
His1994monographASnowyMorning:EightChinesePoetsontheRoadtoModernitydiscussestheliteraryidealsandpracticesofChina'searliestmodernpoets.
HisworkonsociologicalaspectsofmodernChineseliteraturebeganwiththepublicationofaneditedvolume,TheLiteraryFieldofTwentieth-CenturyChina,in1999,andculminatedinhis2003monographQuestionsofStyle:LiterarySocietiesandLiteraryJournalsinModernChina,1911-1937.
MorerecentlyhehasturnedhisattentiontocontemporaryChineseliterature,especiallythetextsandpracticesofinternetliterature.
SomeofthisresearchispresentedasachapterinhisCultureintheContemporaryPRC(2005,co-editedwithJuliaStrauss).
WiltL.
IdemaProfessorofChineseLiterature,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityWiltL.
IdemaobtainedhisBAandMAfromLeidenUniversity.
FollowingcontinuedstudyinSapporo(atHokkaidoUniversity)andinKyoto(atKyotoUniversity),andresearchinHongKong(attheUniversitiesServiceCenter),hereturnedtoLeiden,wherehetaughtintheDepartmentofChineseLanguageandCulture.
Heobtainedhisdoctoratein1974,andwaspromotedtoProfessorofChineseLiteratureandLinguisticsin1976.
Since2000,hehasbeenteachingatHarvardasProfessorofChineseLiterature.
WiltIdema'sresearchinitiallywasfocusedontheearlydevelopmentofChinesevernacularfiction(Chinese-7-VernacularFiction:TheFormativePeriod,1974),butlatershiftedmoretowardsearlyChinesedrama(ChineseTheater1100-1450,ASourceBook,withStephenWest;1982;TheDramaticOeuvreofChuYu-tun(1379-1439),1985;WangShifu,TheMoonandtheZither:TheStoryoftheWesternWing,withStephenH.
West,1992).
InrecentyearshealsohaspublishedonChinesewomen'sliteratureofthepremodernperiod(TheRedBrush:WritingWomenofImperialChina,withBeataGrant,2004).
HiscurrentresearchisfocusedonChina'srichtraditionofpopularnarrativeballads.
Heisalsotheauthor,withLloydHaft,ofAGuidetoChineseLiterature(1997).
ForhisvoluminousDutch-languagetranslations,especiallyofclassicalChinesepoetry,hereceivedtheMartinusNijhofAwardfor1991,thehighestdistinctionforliterarytranslationsintheNetherlands.
LorettaKimLecturer,DepartmentofHistory,StateUniversityofNewYork,AlbanyDr.
LorettaKimisalecturerintheDepartmentofHistoryattheStateUniversityofNewYorkatAlbany.
Shecompletedherpost-secondaryeducationatHarvardUniversity,earninganABinGovernmentandEastAsianStudies,anAMinRegionalStudies–EastAsia,andaPhDinHistory.
HerdissertationexaminedQingimperialadministrationoffivetribesindigenoustotheAmurRiverregionandtheimpactofthearea'sconversionintoaborderlandbetweentheQingandRussianempiresonthetribes'political,social,andculturalidentities.
AsarecipientoftheMellonCLIRfellowshipfordissertationresearchinoriginalsources,sheconductedarchivalresearchinTaipei,Beijing,Harbin,Changchun,andShenyang.
ShealsocarriedoutfieldworkinInnerMongoliaandXinjiang.
Hergeneralresearchinterestsincludehybridcultures,comparativeimperialsystems,andhistoricalcommemoration.
AtSUNYAlbany,sheteachescoursesinEastAsian,international,andglobalhistory.
SunJooKimProfessorofKoreanHistory,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityProfessorSunJooKimwasborninSouthKoreaandlivedthereuntilshegraduatedfromYonseiUniversitywithaBAinhistoryin1984.
SheimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesthatsameyearandbeganhergraduatetraininginSeptember1988attheUniversityofWashington,earningamaster'sdegreeinKoreanhistoryinJune1992andherdoctoraldegreeinKoreanin2000.
Herdissertationtitled"MarginalizedElite,RegionalDiscrimination,andtheTraditionofPropheticBeliefintheHongKyngnaeRebellion"proposestoprovideacomprehensiveandintegratedviewofthecausesanddevelopmentsoftherebellion,notonlybyexaminingtherebellionitself,butalsobyexploringthesocial,political,economic,andculturalconditionsduringthelateChosnperiodthatledtotherebellion.
Herbook,titledMarginalityandSubversioninKorea:TheHongKyngnaeRebellionof1812,whichgrewoutofthisdissertation,waspublishedbytheUniversityofWashingtonPressin2007.
ProfessorKim'sresearchinterestsincludethefieldofpeasantrebellionsinnineteenthcenturyKorea,aswellaslocalhistoryofthenorthernregionoftheKoreanpeninsula.
ShehaspublishedanumberofarticlesonvarioustopicsofsocialandculturalhistoryofChosnKoreainprestigiousjournalssuchastheJournalofAsianStudies,JournalofKoreanStudies,andHarvardJournalofAsiaticStudies.
ShigehisaKuriyamaReischauerInstituteProfessorofCulturalHistory,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityProfessorShigehisaKuriyama'sresearchexploresbroadphilosophicalissues(beingandtime,languageandexperience,curiosityanddesire)throughthelensofspecifictopicsincomparativeculturalhistory.
Heisnowworkingchieflyontwoprojects.
Oneisahistoryofthenotionandexperienceoftension,an-8-examinationofhowtension,whichwaslongconsideredavirtue-theproofofvitalityandpresenceintheworld-becameamodernpathology,amarkofanxiety,andtherootofallmannersofillness.
Theotherprojectspotlightstherelationshipbetweenmoneyandthebody,andexploreshowthetransformationsinsocialrelationscausedbythespreadofthemoneyeconomyintheEdoperiodaffectednotjustmedicaltheoryandpractice,butalsotheintimateexperienceofpainandsickness.
During2005-06,helecturedonthislatterprojectinanumberofuniversitiesintheUnitedStates,aswellasinChina,Turkey,andIsrael.
Hewasalsoactivelyengagedinexperimentswithmakingmoviesonthecomputerandprobingthehorizonsthatthisnewmediumopensupforbothteachingandscholarlypresentation.
Henotonlyteachesthisformofmovie-makingtohisstudentsatHarvard,butalsohasheldanumberofworkshopsonthistechniqueintheU.
S.
,Europe,andJapan.
IanJ.
MillerAssistantProfessorofHistory,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityProfessorIanJ.
MillerisahistorianofmodernJapan.
Hisresearchisprimarilyconcernedwithimperialismandtheculturaldimensionsofscientific,medical,andenvironmentalchange.
HeearnedhisPhDinHistoryfromColumbiaUniversityin2005,andarrivedatHarvardin2007.
HehasbeenapostdoctoralfellowintheExpandingEastAsianStudiesProgram(ExEAS)atColumbia'sWeatherheadEastAsianInstituteandAssistantProfessorofHistoryatArizonaStateUniversity.
ProfessorMiller'scurrentbookproject,TheNatureoftheBeast,introducesreaderstotheculturalandenvironmentalhistoryofTokyo'sImperialZoologicalGardens,Japan'sfirstzoo,openedin1882.
ThezoowasamicrocosmofchangingattitudestowardsempireandthenaturalworldinmodernJapan.
Heisalsoinvestigatingtheglobalhistoryoftsunamiandco-editingthefirstcollectionofessaysonJapan'senvironmentalhistoryinEnglishwithProfessorsBrettL.
WalkerandJuliaAdeneyThomas.
Researchandteachinginterestsrangefromcomparativeimperialismandtheglobalhistoryofexhibitiontothehistoryofnaturalhistoryandtheinterdisciplinarystudyofembodiment,disease,andespeciallypublichealth.
NicoleNewendorpLectureronSocialStudies,FacultyofArtsandSciences,HarvardUniversityNicoleNewendorpisaLectureronSocialStudiesandtheAssistantDirectorofStudiesforJuniorsandSeniors.
ShereceivedaBAinEastAsianStudiesfromColumbiaUniversityin1991,anMAfromHarvardUniversity'sRegionalStudies–EastAsiaDepartmentin1996,andaPhDinAnthropologyfromHarvardUniversityinJune2004.
SheistheauthorofUneasyReunions:Immigration,Citizenship,andFamilyLifeinPost1997HongKong(StanfordUniversityPress,2008).
Herresearchinterestsincludethesocialeffectsofstate(re)unification;spaceandsocialchange;theethnographyofurbanareas;andimmigrationinHongKong,China,andtheUnitedStates.
ElisePrebinLecturer,DepartmentofAnthropology,HarvardUniversityThoughborninSouthKorea,ProfessorElisePrebingrewupinFranceandreceivedherPhDinKoreananthropologyfromtheUniversityofParisXNanterrein2006.
HerworkoninternationaladoptionanddividedfamilyissuesinSouthKoreadevelopednewideasinanthropologysubfieldssuchasthemedia,ritual,emotion,andkinship.
ProfessorPrebinwasa2007-2008postdoctoralfellowattheKoreaInstitute,whereshewastranslatingandpreparingherdoctoralthesis,"TheSpiritualReturnofInternationalAdopteestoSouthKorea,"forpublication.
HercurrentresearchinterestsincludeKorean-9-contemporarysociety,kinship,adoptionandfamily,rituals,deathandevolutionoffunerarypractices,usesofhistory,andglobalizationandthemedia.
JeffSnyder-ReinkeAssistantProfessorofChineseHistory,TheCollegeofIdaho;VisitingAssistantProfessor,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversity(AcademicYear2008-2009)ProfessorJeffSnyder-ReinkejoinedtheCollegeofIdahofacultyin2006.
HeearnedhisPhDfromtheUniversityofMichigan,wherehespecializedinthestudyofmodernChinesehistoryandEastAsianreligion.
HisdissertationresearchwasconductedattheInstituteforQingHistoryinBeijingwhileonaFulbrightfellowship,andhisbookmanuscript,DrySpells:StateRainmakingandLocalGovernanceinLateImperialChinawillbepublishedintheHarvardEastAsianMonographSeriesinearly2009.
Hue-TamHoTaiKennethT.
YoungProfessorofSino-VietnameseHistory,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityProfessorHue-TamHoTai'scurrentresearchinterestsfocusonpublicmemoryandpublichistory;thefamineof1945innorthernVietnamasexperienceandmemory;andtellinglives:biographyandautobiography.
Selectedpublicationsinclude:"RememberedRealms:PierreNoraandFrenchNationalMemory"inTheAmericanHistoricalReview(2001),TheCountryofMemory:RemakingthePastinLateSocialistVietnam(2001),"RepresentingthePastinVietnameseMuseums"inCurator(1998),"MonumentalAmbiguity:theStateCommemorationofHoChiMinh"inEssaysintoVietnamesePasts(1995),RadicalismandtheOriginsoftheVietnameseRevolution(1992),andMillenarianismandPeasantPoliticsinVietnam(1983).
KarenL.
ThornberAssistantProfessorofComparativeLiterature,DepartmentofComparativeLiterature,HarvardUniversityProfessorKarenThornber'sprimaryareasofresearchandteachingareworldliteratureandtheliteraturesandculturesofEastAsia.
HercurrentbookprojectanalyzeshowEastAsianculturalproducts—modernChinese,Japanese,Korean,andTaiwaneseliteraturesinparticular—haveaddressedthoseinteractionsamonghumanbeingsandthenonhuman(bioticandabiotic)thatinvolveenvironmentalproblemsandcrises.
Shehasalsowrittenextensivelyonprocessesoftransculturalcirculation,negotiation,andreconfiguration(suchasliterarycriticism,adaptation,translation,andintertextualization),andtheinterplaysofChinese,Japanese,Korean,andTaiwaneseliteraturesandculturesinparticular.
Otherresearchandteachinginterestsincludeliteratureoftrauma,multilingualism,andgenderandculturalstudies.
HerprimaryresearchlanguagesareJapanese(modernandclassical),Chinese(modernandclassical),Korean,French,andGerman.
XiaofeiTianProfessorofChineseLiterature,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityProfessorXiaofeiTianreceivedherBAfromBeijingUniversityin1989andherPhDinComparativeLiteraturefromHarvardUniversityin1998.
HerresearchinterestsincludeChineseliteratureandculture,manuscriptculture,bookhistory,thehistoryofideas,andworldliterature.
Hermajorresearchfieldistheliterature,socialhistoryandculturalhistoryofearlymedievalChina.
Shehasalsopublishedandtaughtcoursesonclassicalvernacularfiction,theliteratureoftheRepublicanera,theCulturalRevolution(1966-1976),andcontemporaryChineseliteraryandculturalissues.
SheistheauthorofTao-10-YuanmingandManuscriptCulture:TheRecordofaDustyTableandBeaconFireandShootingStar:TheLiteraryCultureoftheLiang(502-557).
HerrecentChinesepublicationsincludeabookonthesixteenth-centurynovelThePlumintheGoldenVase,abookonSappho,abookontheMoorishSpainandseveralworksoftranslation.
Sheisalsoawriterwhohaspublishedseveralcollectionsofpoetryandessays.
Sheiscurrentlyworkingonabookmanuscript,tentativelyentitledVisionaryJourneys,abouttravelingandseeingtheworldinearlymedievalandlateimperialChina.
EugeneYuejinWangAbbyAldrichRockefellerProfessorofAsianArt,DepartmentoftheHistoryofArtandArchitecture,HarvardUniversityAnativeofJiangsu,China,ProfessorEugeneYuejinWangstudiedatFudanUniversityinShanghai(BA1983;MA1986),andsubsequentlyatHarvardUniversity(AM1990;PhD1997).
HewastheIttlesonFellowattheCenterforAdvancedStudiesinVisualArt,NationalGalleryofArt,Washington,D.
C.
(1995-96)beforejoiningthearthistoryfacultyattheUniversityofChicagoin1996.
HisteachingappointmentatHarvardUniversitybeganin1997,wherehebecametheAbbyAldrichRockefellerProfessorofAsianArtin2005.
HehasreceivedtheGuggenheimFellowship,CharlesA.
RyskampFellowshipfromtheAmericanCouncilofLearnedSocieties,andpostdoctoralandresearchgrantsfromtheGettyFoundation.
Hisbook,ShapingtheLotusSutra:BuddhistVisualCultureinMedievalChina(2005)hasreceivedtheAcademicAchievementAwardinmemoryofthelateProfessorNichijinSakamoto,RisshoUniversity,Japan.
ProfessorWangisalsothearthistoryassociateeditoroftheEncyclopediaofBuddhism(NewYork,2004).
HisthirtyorsoarticlespublishedinTheArtBulletin,ArtHistory,CriticalInquiry,Res:JournalofAnthropologyandAesthetics,PublicCulture,andelsewhere,coverawiderangeofsubjects,includingancientbronzemirrors,Buddhistmuralsandsculptures,reliquaries,scrollpaintings,calligraphy,woodblockprints,architecture,photography,andfilms.
HehasalsotranslatedRolandBarthes'Fragmentsd'undiscoursamoureuxintoChinese,andwrotethescreenplayforashortfilm,StonyTouch,selectedforscreeninginthe9thHawai'iInternationalFilmFestival.
-11-CONFERENCESCHEDULEFriday,February27,20094:00pm-5:45pmRegistration6:00pm-7:30pmKeynoteAddressBlueandWhiteCeramics:ASilkRoadStoryElizabethtenGrotenhuisSilkRoadProject;ProfessorEmerita,BostonUniversity7:30pm-8:30pmReceptionSaturday,February28,20099:00am-9:30amBreakfast9:30am-11:00amPanelSessionOnePoliticalEconomyinEastAsia/FeedingBodyandMind/ModernChineseLiterature11:30am-1:00pmPanelSessionTwoContemporaryKoreaandInternationalAffairs/JourneysofMedicalKnowledge/ReflectionsoftheBuddha1:00pm-2:00pmLunch2:30pm-4:00pmConferenceWorkshopAsiaAcrossTimeandSpace:NewQuantitativeMethodsforResearchandPresentationPeterK.
BolCharlesH.
CarswellProfessorofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityDirectoroftheCenterforGeographicAnalysis,HarvardUniversity4:30pm-6:00pmPanelSessionThreeStyleandMeaninginMusicalPerformance/Cross-CulturalNarrations/MappingSpiritualandMoralTransformationsinVietnam/Brushes,Blocks,andBibliophilia:TheOrderofBooksinEastAsiaSunday,March1,20099:00am-9:30amBreakfast9:30am-11:00amPanelSessionFourJapanandItsFrontiers/ChineseMigrationandDiaspora/CelestialBorderCrossings11:30am-1:00pmPanelSessionFiveEdoandMeijiNationalIdentity/www.
identity.
cn/HistoricalExchangesbetweenChinaandChosnKorea1:00pm-2:00pmLunch-12-LISTOFPRESENTERSWITHAFFILIATIONS(Listedinalphabeticalorderbysurname)Abe,MariéUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyBao,HongweiTheUniversityofSydneyBarker,ThomasNationalUniversityofSingaporeBloom,PhillipHarvardUniversityBridgesIV,WilliamPrincetonUniversityCha,JavierHarvardUniversityChang,JingJingUniversityofIllinois,Urbana-ChampaignChen,Wei-TiUniversityofChicagoChien,Li-kueiSchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudies,UniversityofLondonChu,EfanHarvardUniversityChu,Po-yingTheChineseUniversityofHongKongChui,CandaceUniversityofSanFranciscoChun,TarrynLi-MinHarvardUniversityDu,PingTheChineseUniversityofHongKongGan,ChennyUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaGower,JeffreyStateUniversityofNewYork,BuffaloHabberstad,LukeUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyHommes,JamesUniversityofPittsburghHu,QiuleiHarvardUniversityIkeda,AsatoUniversityofBritishColumbiaIliouchine,AlexandreMcGillUniversityIngram,Evan"Shea"HarvardUniversityJerzewska,AnnaUniversityofLeedsKang,EuniceUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaKim,HansungHarvardUniversityKotler,JessicaUniversityofSanFranciscoLee,EunhaKoreaUniversityLeu,Guan-YiUniversityofVirginiaLiu,YaUniversityofMinnesotaLiu,YanUniversityofMichigan,AnnArborLowe,BryanPrincetonUniversityMiller,IanHarvardUniversityMitchell,ArthurYaleUniversityMurphy,ReganHarvardUniversityMurray,AndreaHarvardUniversityNoh,GowoonUniversityofCalifornia,DavisO'Reilly,SeanHarvardUniversityParke,ElizabethUniversityofTorontoParker,JacobTheOhioStateUniversitySaunders,RachelHarvardUniversityShin,Jae-hoUniversityofPennsylvaniaShohet,MeravUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesSteininger,BrianYaleUniversityTan,WayneWeiYuHarvardUniversityTextor,CindiUniversityofIllinois,UrbanaChampaignToleno,RobbanUniversityofBritishColumbiaTrambaiolo,DanielPrincetonUniversityTran,PhuongHoaVietnamAcademyofSocialSciencesTuft,BrynaUniversityofOregonTung,Han-PuHarvardTyner,ColinUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruzTyroler-Cooper,SammYaleUniversityWai,PauliUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyWebster,GrahamHarvardUniversityWilcox,MadeleineUniversityofPennsylvaniaXing,YiUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaXu,TingLondonSchoolofEconomicsZhu,YanfeiOhioStateUniversity-13-COMPILATIONOFABSTRACTSPOLITICALECONOMYINEASTASIAAnnaJerzewska,UniversityofLeedsGuan-YiLeu,UniversityofVirginiaHan-PuTung,HarvardUniversityDISCUSSANT:UshaHaley,ResearchFellow,EconomicPolicyInsitute;AsiaProgramsFellow,AshInstituteforDemocraticGovernanceandInnovation),HarvardKennedySchoolAnnaJerzewska,UniversityofLeeds(DepartmentofEastAsianStudies,PhD)Japan'sFTAStrategyandRegionalEconomicIntegration.
'FosteringanEastAsianCommunity'ThispaperdiscusseseffortsforregionaleconomicintegrationinEastAsiafromJapan'sperspectivewithspecialreferencetothecountry'sbilateralfreetradeagreements(FTAs).
InrecentyearsagrowinginterdependencebetweentheEastAsianstateshasbeenobserved,broughtaboutbyincreasedtrade,integrationofproductionnetworksandfinancialcooperation.
Japanhasparticipatedinvariousregionalintegrationinitiatives,i.
e.
ASEANPlusThree.
Althoughthecreationofregionaleconomicblocseemsdistant,theproliferatingFTAsbridgedividesbetweenEastAsianmarketsbyremovingbarrierstotradeandenhancinginvestments.
Japan'sbilateraltradeagreementsoftenprovideaframeworkforcooperationreachingfarbeyondtradeliberalization.
Theyincludeprovisionsfordeepintegrationelements,withtheeliminationof'beyond-the-border'barrierstotradeandpolicyharmonization.
IsJapan'sFTApolicyaimedat'fosteringanEastAsiancommunity',asstatedbythecountry'sgovernment(Dent2006)Thepaperidentifiesvariouseconomicandpoliticaleconomy-relatedissuesassociatedwiththeformationofJapan'sFTApolicyinEastAsiaandhowitrelatestoperspectivesforabroaderregionaleconomicintegration.
IwillfirstanalyzethevariouspoliticalandeconomicargumentsthathavebeenadvancedtoexplainJapan'spursuitofFTAs.
Secondly,thepaperexaminesthepositiontowardsbilateraltradetreatiesofthemainstakeholdergroupsinJapan.
ThepaperfitsintothedebateonJapan'sFTAswithEastAsianstatesbeingsteppingstonesorstumblingblocksforregionaleconomicintegration(Hund2003,Lincoln2004).
Guan-YiLeu,UniversityofVirginia(DepartmentofPolitics,PhD)EvaluatingEastAsianIntra-RegionalTradeAgreementsEastAsiahasrecentlyexperiencedanunprecedentedlevelofcooperationwiththeemergenceofintra-regionalFreeTradeAgreements(FTAs)asaresultofglobalizationandmutualconcernovertheregion'seconomicvulnerabilityfollowingtheAsianFinancialCrisis.
ThedetailsofthenewFTAs,however,havelackedaformalizedblueprint,giventhediversityofmembershiprequirementsandproductcoverage.
Thispaper,inanefforttoexplainthesediscrepancies,proposesananalyticalframeworkthatfocusesontwovariables.
First,asymmetricperceiveduncertainty,aconsequenceofastate'stradedependenceandcompetition.
Second,disparitiesinpolicyleverageagainsttradedisruption,theresultofastate'stradingstructureandbargainingpowerinexistinginternationalinstitutions.
ThepaperwillcontrastChina'senthusiasticpursuitofanFTAwithASEANasawhole(ACFTA)withtheapparentUSandJapanesereluctancetoasimilaragreement.
ChinaandASEAN,facedwithahigherleveloftradecompetitionanddependenceonthirdmarkets,havepursuedaregionalmultilateralFTAwiththepurposeofrearrangingproductdifferentiationandminimizingtradedependenceandcompetition.
Incomparison,Japan,facedwithalowerlevelofperceiveduncertaintyandgreaterpolicyalternatives,haspursuedregionalbilateralFTAswithindividualASEANstates.
TheUS,endowedwithgreatflexibilityandwiththelowestlevelof-14-perceiveduncertainty,hasoptedtopursuebilateralFTAswithselectASEANstates.
ThepaperwillexpoundupontheroleofFTAsinbridgingeconomic,politicalandculturaldivides,whilenotingitsconsequentlimitationsandthediversityofitsmemberstates.
Han-PuTung,HarvardUniversity(Government,PhD)The"ChinaFactor":TheRiseofChinaandtheNaturalResourceCurseinSub-SaharanAfrica,1991----2007Thispaperstudiesthe"Chinafactor"intheeconomicandpoliticaldevelopmentofSub-SaharanAfrican(SSA)countries.
IgobeyondsimplytestingiftradewithChinahasbroughteconomicdevelopmenttoSSAcountries,andfocusesinsteadonthenaturalresourcecursetheorythatnaturalresourceabundantcountriesexperiencelowereconomicgrowthforoverlyrelyingonexportingtheirnaturalresources.
ThemajorhypothesesarederivedfromtheNRCliterature.
Firstofall,accordingtotheDutchdiseasetheory,thecursetakeseectwhenthetermsoftradeturnagainstthemanufacturingsectorasaresultofhigherreturnstothenaturalresourcesectorfromthegrowingforeigndemand.
Secondly,overlyrelyingonnaturalresourcewealthmightalsoreducetheinvestmentsinthehumancapital,whichiscriticalforadevelopingcountrytohaveamoresophisticatedindustrialstructure.
Finally,resourcewealthcanalsoeasilylenditselftorent-seekingbehaviorbypoliticians,whichobviouslyraisesinstitutionalcoststogrowth.
ThispaperaimstooerempiricalevidenceforthecausalimpactofexportingnaturalresourcestoChinaonAfricaneconomicandpoliticaldevelopment.
FEEDINGBODYANDMINDBryanLowe,PrincetonUniversityIanMiller,HarvardUniversityWayneWeiYuTan,HarvardUniversityRobbanToleno,UniversityofBritishColumbiaDISCUSSANTS:JeffSnyder-Reinke,AssistantProfessorofChineseHistory,TheCollegeofIdaho;VisitingAssistantProfessor,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversity(AcademicYear2008-2009)LorettaKim,Lecturer,DepartmentofHistory,StateUniversityofNewYork,AlbanyBryanLowe,PrincetonUniversity(Religion,PhD)YouWriteWhatYouEat:Purity,Scribes,andScriptureCopyinginEighth-CenturyJapanIntheeighthcentury,astate-sponsoredscriptoriumsupervisedthetranscriptionoftensofthousandsoffasciclesofBuddhistscripture.
Largeteamsofworkersincludingscribes,assemblers,andproofreadersstaffedthesescriptoriums.
Althoughthescribesweregenerallylow-levelbureaucratschosenfortheirskillincalligraphy,meretalentwiththebrushwasinsufficient.
Inadditiontotheircalligraphicskill,scribesfollowedstrictregulationsregardingtheirdiet.
IwillarguethatthesedietaryrulesenforcedBuddhistnotionsofpurity.
Sincethepurityofthescribeaffectedtheefficacyofthetranscriptionproject,maintainingpuritywasaseriousconcern.
IwilltracetheseconcernsoverefficacytoChinesenarrativetalesandexploretherelationbetweenBuddhistliterature,monasticcodes,andtheworkingconditionsofscribesasseenincourtdocuments.
Iwillarguethatalthoughthescribeswerenominallysecularemployees,theirworkandtheirlifestyletookonauniquelyreligioustoneinthestatescriptorium.
Inthispaper,Ihopetobuildbridgesbetweengeographicandculturalspheres,aswellasbetweennotionsofthe-15-sacredandprofane.
Asmonksandofficialsfrequentlytraveledbackandforthfromthecontinentintheeighthcentury,itisnecessarytolookathowChinesepracticesandnarrativesmayhaveshapedreligiouslifeonthegroundinJapan.
Moreover,thereligiouscharacteroftheseunordainedstateofficialschallengesstrictdivisionsbetweensecularandecclesiasticaldomains.
IanMiller,HarvardUniversity(RegionalStudies-EastAsia,AM)"SmellyLambandYoghurt":Food,CultureandBordersinSongChinaChineseidentityhaslongbeenaffectedbytherelationshipwithnon-Chinesepeoples,especiallyInnerAsiangroupsnorthofthetraditionalcenterofChinesepoweraroundtheYellowRiver.
TheunderstandingofChinesenesswasdefinedbycontrastwithpastoralnomadsofthesteppesanddesertsoftheNorth.
Thisunderstandingofculturaldifferencewasinvestedinobjectsaswellasinpracticesandlanguage.
Thispaperiscenteredonanexaminationofonesuchphysicalnexusofculture;Itaketheroleoffoodanddrink,andtheparticularplaceofdairyproducts,asameansofunderstandingthechangingconstructionsofChinesenessandforeignnessduringthemiddleperiod.
BeginningintheSongDynasty,theKhitans,Jurchens,TangutsandMongolsallcametodominatepartsoftheNorthChinaPlain,thecradleofChinesecivilization.
IplanoninvestigatingthewaysinwhichtheforeigndominationofNorthChinachangedtheunderstandingofChinesenessasreflectedthroughChinesediet.
Dairyproducts,aswellaslambandotherfoods,hadbeenidentifiedwithNorthernersandoutsiderssinceatleasttheNorthernandSoutherndynasties.
Thereisevidence,however,thatChineseconsumedyoghurtandcheesewellintotheSongdynasty.
IwilllookatthechangingtreatmentofdairyproductsduringthisperiodasameansofunderstandingthechangingunderstandingandpracticeofChinesecultureasaresponsetotheincursionsofnon-Chinesepeoples.
Thisrepresentsaforayintobetterunderstandinghowcultureisdefinedwithrespecttocivilizationalborders.
WayneWeiYuTan,HarvardUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)WhenNomadsWrote:AnInvestigationoftheKhitanLanguageandScriptsIn907AD,agroupofnomadicpeoplecalledtheKhitansoverthrewtheTangdynastyandestablishedtheLiaoDynasty.
ThissignaledtheageofconquestdynastiesinnorthernChina,endingwiththefalloftheMongolYuanDynasty.
TheKhitansdidoneimportantthingthatcaughtonwiththeTangutandJurchenconquestdynasties—theyinventedtheirownscripts.
ThesescriptsknownastheKhitanLargeandSmallscriptscontinuetointriguemodernscholarsastheyremainlargelyundeciphered.
First,whydidtheKhitansinventthescriptsSecond,whatisthescripts'significancefortoday'slinguistsandhistoriansThispaperarguesthattheKhitanlanguagewaswrittenwiththeKhitanscriptsincourtdocumentstosupplantChineselanguageandscriptsasthenewiconiclanguageofpoliticaldominance.
FacilitywiththescriptswasaprivilegedknowledgecloselyguardedwithinKhitanrulingclans.
Usingtextualsources,IintroduceacomparativemethodforreconstructingtheKhitanlanguageencodedinthescripts.
IexamineJanhunen's(2003)classificationoftheKhitanlanguageasaPara-Mongoliclanguageandargueagainsttheconventionaldendriticmodelforlanguagedescent.
IntheKhitans'context,cross-linguisticlexicalsimilaritiesarebetterexplainedbyarealcontacts.
ThishasnewimplicationsforunderstandinggeneticaffiliationsoflanguagesintheEurasiancomplexwheregeographicalboundariesarefluidandspeakershavehadanextendedhistoryofviolentconquestsandinterculturalassimilations.
-16-RobbanToleno,UniversityofBritishColumbia(AsianStudies,PhD)ABitterBlend:SongDynastyTeaAestheticsandBuddhistMoralityinEisai'sKissayōjōkiTheintersectionofaestheticandmoralmodesofhumanexperiencehasreceivedanenormousamountofintellectualattention,withBourdieufamouslyarguingthepositionthatclassdifferencesareintimatelyinvolvedwiththesocialconstructionofaesthetictaste.
Inhisview,themoralcontentofaestheticsensibilityisaconstructedpretenseofsocialgroups,especiallyelitegroupslegitimizingtheirsocialpositionoverothergroups.
Thispaper,onanearly13thcenturytea-genretextfromJapan,exploresacaseofintersectingaesthetic(sensory)andmoraldiscoursethatappearstorepresentanalternativepositiontothatofBourdieu.
IwillarguethatEisai'sdiscourseonthevirtuesofteaisfreeoftheimplicitmind-bodydualismofBourdieu'ssocialconstructionistthesis,suggestingthatthesocialconstructionofmoralaestheticismcanbemeaningfullylinkedtoempiricalphysicalprocesses(e.
g.
,thebittertasteofteapolyphenolsandtheirstimulationofthecentralnervoussystem).
MymethodusestoolsfromconceptualmetaphortheorytoanalyzekeystatementsonthevirtuesoftasteintheKissayōjōkiandinChineseteagenretexts,identifyingkeyelementsofthecross-domainprojectionthatEisaiusestointegrateteaaestheticsandBuddhistmorality.
Theimplicationofthisresearchisthattheempiricalperspectivesofmodernsciencemaybeusefulinclarifyinghowcorehumanexperiencesbecomesociallyconstructedintoelaborate'cultural'statements.
MODERNCHINESELITERATUREEfanChu,HarvardUniversityTarrynLi-MinChun,HarvardUniversityBrynaTuft,UniversityofOregonMadeleineWilcox,UniversityofPennsylvaniaDISCUSSANT:EileenCheng-yinChow,AssociateProfessorofChineseLiteraryandCulturalStudies,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityEfanChu,HarvardUniversity(RegionalStudies-EastAsia,AM)OnTranslatingtheTraditionalChineseElegyTranslationitselfisbasedontheconceptofbridgingtwosides,beitlanguage,culture,nation,andevenlifeanddeath.
Inthispaper,Iwillcomparetwotranslationtheories:WalterBenjamin's"TheTaskoftheTranslator"versusLuXun's"RoughTranslation",eachrepresentativerespectivelyofWesternandEasterntranslationtheory.
WhileBenjaminnegativelydefinestherealmof"God'sremembrance",portrayingonlythedirectionratherthenthedestinyof"purelanguage,"LuXungazesdeeplyintothefundamentaldifferencesbetweeneachlanguage.
Hedeliberatelypreservesthe"untranslatability"and"foreignness"inhistranslation,inordertoalertthereadertotheinherentflawoftheChinesemind.
Intriguingly,Benjamin'stranslationtheorycan,inmanyaspects,beembodiedbythetraditionalChinesegenreofelegy.
Benjaminuses"life"and"afterlife"metaphoricallytorefertotheoriginalandthetranslation,andsimilarly,elegycanbeconsideredasthevitalconnectionand""finaltranslation"betweenlifeanddeath.
Translationandelegybothsufferfromuncertaintyandinevitableloss,butbothfunctionasthemediatorbetweenlifeandafterlife:translationoffersthepossibilityforanoriginalworktotravelthroughtimeandspace,crossingvariousboundaries,whileelegyreassuresusthatthedeadwillfindpeaceandtransformationinanafterlife.
Itisthe"translator"alonewhostandsonthebridgebetween.
Thetaskisatoncepromisingandlimited:-17-unabletoshortenthedistance,thetranslatorcanonlywalkbackandforthbetweenthetwooppositeendsofthebridge.
TarrynLi-MinChun,HarvardUniversity(RegionalStudies-EastAsia,AM)Re-ImaginingPeachBlossomSpring:AnAnalysisofStanLai'sAnlian/TaohuayuanandCross-StraitCulturalBoundariesTranslatedandperformedaroundtheworld,theworksofTaiwaneseplaywrightanddirectorStanLaicrossbothrealandthematicborders.
Firstperformedin1986,Lai'sdramaAnlian/Taohuayuan(SecretLoveinPeachBlossomLand)especiallyembodiesthethemeofbordercrossingandhighlightsthemutabilityoftheboundarieswecreate.
SecretLoveinPeachBlossomLandtellsthestoryoftwodramatroupesthat,duetoaschedulingmistake,mustrehearseonasinglestage.
Oneplay,SecretLove,isthetragictaleofanelderlyChinesemaninTaiwansearchingforthelostloveofhisMainlandyouth;theother,PeachBlossomLand,isacomicstagingofTaoYuanming'sclassicPeachBlossomSpring.
Lai'sdramaticjuxtapositionofthesetwoplays-within-a-playcreatesboundariesbetweenrealityandimagination,tragedyandcomedy,pastandpresent.
Throughoutthestory,increasingconfusionbetweenthetwoplaysleadstothedisintegrationoftheseboundariesandtheconfluenceoftheseeminglydichotomousthemes.
Thispaperwillfocusonthepast-presentboundaryinSecretLoveinPeachBlossomLandandsituateLai'splayasoneofthelatestversionsinalongtraditionofretellingTaoYuanming'sPeachBlossomSpring.
Itwillexaminetherelationshipbetweenthetraditional,Mainland-rootedChinesecultureandLai'stransformationoftheclassicstoryasanexpressionofcontemporaryTaiwaneseattitudestowardstraditionalculture.
Throughthisliteraryanalysis,thispaperaimstodrawbroaderconclusionsaboutthenatureofcontemporaryculturalboundariesbetweenTaiwanandtheMainland.
BrynaTuft,UniversityofOregon(EastAsianLanguagesandLiterature,PhD)BlurringtheLines:ThePublic-ationofAvant-gardeWomen'sPrivateWritingThispaperrepresentsaninvestigationintoonefacetofconcerninmydoctoraldissertation.
Init,Iamconcernedwithunderstandingtheworkofcertainavant-gardewomenwritersfromthe1980sand1990s,andtheirprojectofwomen'sliteraryprivacy.
Thisliteraryprivacyisaconstructedspaceofresistancetothemale/heterosexual/stateappropriationofthefemalevoice/image/body.
FocusingonLinBai,ChenRan,CanXue,TieNing,andChiLi,Iarguethattheseauthorsusealternateformsoffemalesexualitytocreatethisprivatespace,aswellasthelanguageofbothfeminismandqing/sentimenttoarticulatethis"feministpoliticsoftheself.
"Inaddition,theyalsousevariousformsof"auto-history,"atermIborrowfromGloriaAnzaldua'sBorderlands(LaFrontera)tomoreforcefullycreateasenseofboth"self"and"woman"intheirwriting,whichservesasanothermethodofcreatingthisliteraryspace.
Specifictothispaper,then,isthequestionofwhatitmeanswhentheseconstructedprivatespaces(i.
e.
worksoffiction)aremadepublic(i.
e.
published).
OfparticularinterestaretheworksofChiLi,severalofwhichhavebeendevelopedintotelevisiondramas.
Inthispaper,Iwillconsidernotonlyhowthepublicationoftheseauthors'fictionrepresentsablurringofthelinesbetween"public"and"private,"butalsowhatitmeanswhenthosesameliteraryworksareadaptedforadifferentmedium,whichpresentsanotherkindofbordercrossing.
MadeleineWilcox,UniversityofPennsylvania(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)ChineseNewSensationismandtheDevelopmentofChineseModernismLiteratureoftheNewSensationistSchool(新感觉派)ofwriters,aliterarycliqueactivein1930sShanghaiwhohadpreviouslybeenpurgedfromtheprogressivetrajectoryofmodernChineseliteraturefortheir-18-apoliticalstancesandtraitorousactivitieshasreceivedrenewedattentionoverthepastdecade.
Recentliterarycritics,takingnoteofthedebatethattheNewSensationistsengagedinwiththeso-called"Leftistwriters,"havepositionedthismovementoutsideofthedominantliteraryculture,partiallyonthebasisofitsmodernistformborrowedfromabroad.
ThispaperwilldemonstratethatthemodernismoftheNewSensationistswasacomplexwebofforeignandlocalinfluencesthatisasdifficulttountangleasShanghaiitself,exisitingwithinthebordersofanascentChineseliterarytraditionwhileatthetimeactingasabridgetoJapaneseandEuropeanliteraryaesthetics.
ReferencingEuropeanmodernistcriticWalterBenjamin,thispaperwilldrawparallelsbetweenhismodeofculturalcritiqueandthosethatarosefromtheMayFourthdiscourse.
ThroughanexaminationoftwoworksofthemostcontroversialNewSensationist,MuShiying,Iarguethatthegroup'sexperimentationwithEuropeanandJapaneseavant-gardeaestheticswasinlinewiththelargerintellectualspiritoftheage,andasignificantnumberofessentialelementsoftheirmodernistcritiquecanbeconsideredaspartofamoreinclusivedefinitionofChinesemodernism,firstconceptualizedbythewriterLuXun.
CONTEMPORARYKOREAANDINTERNATIONALAFFAIRSCandaceChui,UniversityofSanFranciscoJeffreyGower,StateUniversityofNewYork,BuffaloEuniceKang,UniversityofSouthernCaliforniaGowoonNoh,UniversityofCalifornia,DavisDISCUSSANT:ElisePrebin,Lecturer,DepartmentofAnthropology,HarvardUniversityCandaceChui,UniversityofSanFrancisco(AsiaPacificStudies,MA)ChaebolintheRealmofGlobalizationTransnationalcorporationsareemergingasaleadingforcedrivingglobalization.
InSouthKorea,thechaebol,family-ownedandoperatedbusinessconglomerates,controlmuchoftheeconomy.
Thesecorporationsarebecomingincreasinglyinternationalastheyexpandtheiroperationsabroad.
Researchindicatesadramaticshiftindomesticandinternationalattitudestowardschaebol,markingthe1997AsianFinancialCrisisastheturningpointforthetransformation.
Muchresearchhasbeencompletedonthestructuralflawsofthegovernment-chaebolsystempriortothefinancialcrisisandeffortstoreformtheconglomeratesfollowingtheIMFcrisis.
Thegoalofthisstudyistoexaminetheoriginsanddevelopmentofchaebol,inthefaceofglobalanddomesticpressures,1950stothepresent,withafocusonthedecadesincethe1997AsianFinancialCrisis.
Theprimaryquestionsposedare:arechaebolglobalizedOrarechaebolnationalisticThestudydemonstrateschaeboleffortstoovercomerecentcriticismandscandalsandhowtheyhaveadvancedsegyehwa(globalization).
Asareflectionoftheirglobalpresence,chaebolhavebecomeedifyingfactorsforU.
S.
-ROKrelations.
U.
S.
-ROKtraderelationsareexaminedaswellashowchaebolhavelobbiedintheU.
S.
andothercountriestoensureafavorablebusinessenvironment.
Datahasalsoindicatedthatdespiteprogresstowardsglobalization,chaebolstillhavenationalistictendencies.
ThispaperalsoillustrateshowchaebolhaveservedabridgebetweenSouthKoreaandothercountriesinAsia,EuropeaswellastheU.
S.
Chaebolhavebecomeachannelfortransnationalforces,includingculture,dialogue,resources,andtechnology.
-19-JeffreyGower,StateUniversityofNewYork,Buffalo(Geography,PhD)TheGaeseongIndustrialComplexinNorthKorea:TheBeginningsofaMarket-BasedorNeo-ColonialistEconomyTheNorthKoreaneconomyremainsonthebrinkofinsolvencyafteritsdisastrousexperimentwithanisolationistjuchephilosophyofself-relianceand"militaryfirst"nationalpolicy.
AsNorthKoreasinksclosertoafailedstatestatus,ithaslittleabilitytoraisecapitalintheinternationalfinancialmarkets.
NorthKorea'spercapitaincomeandgrossdomesticproductisonlyafractionofSouthKorea.
ManyNorthKoreansescapeacrosstheborderintoChinaforsurvival.
Toearnhardcurrencywithinitsborders,NorthKoreadevelopedseveralSpecialEconomicZones(SEZs)thatallowforeignfirmstolocatewithinitsbordersandutilizeitslow-costworkforce.
AlthoughtechnicallystillatwarwithNorthKorea,SouthKoreahasbecomeamajorsourceofforeigndirectinvestmentandisitsleadingtradingpartner.
SEZventuresatRajin-Sunbong,Sinuiju,andMt.
Kumganghavehadvaryingdegreesofsuccess.
However,thesuccessoftheGaeseongIndustrialComplex(GIC),only6milesintoNorthKoreaand45milesfromSeoul,hasbeenapositiveexperienceformanysmallandmedium-sizedSouthKoreanenterprises.
Attheendof2008,over80foreignfirmshaveopenedlightmanufacturingfacilitiesinNorthKoreanSEZs,employingover40,000NorthKoreanworkers.
SEZwages,whichareset,collected,anddistributedbytheNorthKoreangovernment,paysomeofthelowestratesintheworldthroughacombinationofcashandgovernment-runstorevouchers.
BothKoreas,fordifferentreasons,alsovieweconomicactivitynorthoftheDe-MilitarizedZoneasthefoundationforabridgeacrosspoliticalborderstopotentialreunificationofthepeninsula.
ThispaperlooksatthelargewageinequitiesbetweenSouthKoreanmanagersandNorthKoreanworkersthatmayintroduceneo-colonialisteconomicclassinjustices,the"patient"capitalofSouthKoreanentrepreneurs,knowledgetransferbetweenasymmetriclaborentities,andplansforfutureSEZsinNorthKorea.
EuniceKang,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia(PoliticsandInternationalRelations,PhD)CrossingintoFreedom:FailureofInternationalRefugeeLawtoProtectNorthKoreansinChinaThepaperprovidesanoverviewofthesituationofNorthKoreansfleeingintoChinaandanalyzestheadequacyofinternationallawtoprotectthemundertherefugeedefinitionandrefugeestatusdeterminationprocedures.
Isthelegaldefinitionandproceduresinadequate,therebyallowingChinatodenyrefugeestatuswithoutactuallyviolatinginternationallawThedisconcertingfindingisthatthevaguenessoftherefugeedefinitionandstatusdeterminationproceduresunderinternationallawallowsforstatesapermissiblescopeofinterpretationanddivergence.
ThispaperarguesthattheinternationallegalframeworkallowsChinatointerpretandapplyinternationallawinpursuitofitsownpoliticalpriorities.
TherearemanyotherfactorsininternationalrelationsthatdeterstatesfromfulfillingtheirhumanitarianobligationstoprotectNorthKoreanrefugees:China'shistoricalrelationshipwithNorthKorea;sharedcommunistpoliticalideologyandtheneedtosustainCommunismagainstthecompetingWesterndemocracies;China'spriorityofnationalstabilitybyavoidingarefugeeinfluxatallcosts;economicgrowthandtrade;andmilitarypower.
AllthesecontributestoChina'sunwillingnesstoprotectNorthKoreanrefugeesandtoupholditsinternationalobligationsandareusefullensesforviewingandunderstandingthepoliticsNorthKoreanrefugees.
GowoonNoh,UniversityofCalifornia,Davis(Anthropology,PhD)ImaginingLocalSpaceinGlobalization:SocialImpactsofTransnationalEconomicPracticesinNortheastChinaThispaperexaminesthesocialimpactsoftransnationalmigrationinYanji,alocalcityinNortheastChina.
YanjiisthecapitalcityoftheKorean-ChineseminorityAutonomousPrefecture(KCAP)inChina.
Thiscity-20-becameaprimaryregionforoutboundtransnationalmigrationintocosmopolitancitiesinEastAsia,aswellasahostcityforforeignsmallbusinessentrepreneursfromEastAsianstatessincethe1990s.
IanalyzehowYanjiisunderstoodasaneconomicallyundesirableplacebyKorean-ChineselowerclassandasaneconomicBlueOceanbySouthKoreanbusinesspersons.
Exploringthesecontrastingimaginaries,thispaperdepictshowtheforces,motivations,anddecisionsofcross-bordereconomicactivitiesarederivedfrompeople'scontemplationabouttheeconomiccapabilityandpotentialoftheplaceinglobaleconomy.
Thepurposeofthispaperistwo-fold:1)toshowhowthesedifferentimaginariesareconstructedthroughunequalaccesstotheglobalflowofinformation,technology,andcapitalinaseeminglylessglobalizedplacelikeYanji;2)tofurtherdemonstratehowthesedifferentimaginariesreconstructthepowerdynamicsinthelocalmarket.
ThetransnationaleconomicpracticesbythetwogroupscreateasituationinwhichlocalpeopleofKCAPhavetransformedintotransnationalmigrantlaborerswhodonotproduceinthelocalregion.
Rather,theyareephemeralconsumersinthelocalmarketofYanji,wheretheforeignentrepreneursbecomethesolidbusinessowners.
JOURNEYSOFMEDICALKNOWLEDGEWei-TiChen,UniversityofChicagoJacobParker,TheOhioStateUniversityDanielTrambaiolo,PrincetonUniversityDISCUSSANT:ShigehisaKuriyama,ReischauerInstituteProfessorofCulturalHistory,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityWei-TiChen,UniversityofChicago(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)ColonizedProfessionals'MobilitywithintheJapaneseEmpire:AnInstitutionalStudyThisessaystudiesTaiwanesemedicaldoctors'overseasprofessionalcareerswithintheinfluentialsphereofJapaneseempireduringthecolonialperiod,withafocusontheinteractionbetweensocialmobilityandgeographicalmobility.
Byanalyzingtheinstitutionalhistory,IwilldemonstratehowJapan'sdesignformedicaleducationandadministrationallowedthecolonialgovernmenttocultivatelocalelitesandinthemeanwhilesystematicallysituatedtheminalowerpositionwithinthemedicalsystemoftheempireandconfinedtheirprofessionallicensuresonlyvalidwithinTaiwan.
However,aninstitutionalloopholewasgraduallytornopenwhiletheempirewasexpanding.
Asakindofculturalcapital,Taiwanesemedicaldoctors'qualificationandlicensurewouldbeencashedindifferentratesaccordingtowheretheywere—Japan,Taiwan,otherJapanesecolonies,influentialspheresandinformalterritoriessuchasAmoyandManchukuo,orothercolonialpowers'territoriesinSoutheastAsia.
Geographicalmobilitybecameaneffectivemeansforthesecolonizedelitestomaximizeopportunitiestopursuemedicaldiploma,licensureandhigherprofessionalpositionsthantheircolleaguesleftinTaiwancouldattain.
Forthecolonizedsubjectscrossingthegeographicalbordercouldenhancethepossibilitiestobypassthesocialbarrier.
Taiwanesemedicaldoctors'footprintsthusappearedinmanynewfrontiersoftheJapanesecolonialempire,oftenfollowedtheexpandingJapaneseimperialforce.
Tothispoint,therelationbetweenthecolonizerandthecolonizedcouldbeakindofmutualism,especiallyforthecolonizedelites,whotookadvantageofthecolonialsystem.
-21-JacobParker,TheOhioStateUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandLiteratures,MA)China,theWorldHealthOrganization,andIssuesofNationalSovereigntyThenewInternationalHealthRegulationsmarkanimportantchangeinglobalhealthpolicyandtheworldcommunity'sconcertedefforttocombatinfectiousdisease.
Theseupdatedregulationsseektoaddressadynamicglobalnetworkcharacterizedbythethreatofpandemicsandweakdiseasemanagementsystems.
Theseregulationsaresignificantbecausetheyinstitutionalizestructureddiseaseoutbreakreportingpolicies,buttheyalsoviolateinternationalsovereigntybyimposingexternalconstraintsondomesticpolicy.
ThestudyfocusesprimarilyonChina'sreactiontheSARSoutbreak.
Sovereigntyisaconceptualborderbetweenactorsintheinternationalcommunitymostcommonlystudiedinthemostfundamentalsense,throughphysicalincursionsofanotherpolity'sgeographicborder.
Thistypeofviolationonlyrepresentsthemostbasicsovereigntyviolation.
Mutuallyagreeablepractices,liketheInternationalHealthRegulations,thatimposeexternalpolicyondomesticauthoritystructuresareequally,ifnotmoredamagingtosovereignty.
ThiscasestudyservesasaprimaryanalysisofthenewInternationalHealthRegulationsandtheirviolationofWestphaliansovereignty.
Abriefbackgroundandhistoryissupplementedbyspecificcasestudiesthatexaminesituationsinwhichastate'sdomesticsovereigntyisviolatedbyanexternalactor.
SpecificemphasisisplacedontheChinesegovernment'sresponsetotheSARSoutbreakandhownewreportingmechanismsareindirectconflictwithChina'sdomesticauthoritystructures.
ThestudyconcludeswiththeideathattheInternationalHealthRegulationsforgocertainaspectsofsovereignty,butatthesametimebuildabridgetoensurethesecurityofapolityanditsneighbors.
DanielTrambaiolo,PrincetonUniversity(HistoryofScience,PhD)MedicineCrossingBorders:TheJapaneseAssimilationofChineseTechniquesforthePreventionandTreatmentofSmallpox,c.
1750-1850ThispaperexaminesthewaysinwhichdoctorsinTokugawaJapanassimilatednewChineseideasabouttherapyandpreventionofsmallpoxintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.
NovelideasandpracticesconcerningsmallpoxmedicinehaddevelopedinSouthernChinaduringthelateMingDynasty(c.
1570-c.
1644)andbecameincreasinglywidespreadduringtheQingDynasty(1644-1911).
InadditiontonoveltherapiesthatelaboratedonclassicalmodelsdevelopedfromtheSongDynasty(960-1279)onwards,thenewtechniquesalsoincludedinoculationandeventuallyvaccinationasprophylacticmeasures.
Fromthemid-seventeenthcenturyonwards,knowledgeofthesenewtechniquesspreadincreasinglytoTokugawaJapan.
TheseideasandpracticeswerebroughttoJapanbyChinesedoctorswhovisitedJapaninperson;bytheimportation,reproductionandtranslationofChinesebooks;andthroughthecompositionoforiginalJapanesetreatisesonthesesubjects.
IarguethatthesebridgesfromChinatoJapanservednotonlytotransmit"Chinese"medicallearningintoJapan,butalsoservedasacrucialconduitforideasthatencouragedrapidacceptanceofthe"Western"techniqueofvaccinationinthemidnineteenthcentury.
ByexaminingthewaysinwhichJapanesedoctorsassimilatednewChinesemedicallearningandusedChinesesourcesasaguidetoWesternmedicallearning,IillustratethereasonswhythebordersdrawnbymodernscholarshipbetweenChineseandDutchLearninginearlynineteenthcenturyJapanaremuchlesswelldefinedthantheymightatfirstappear.
-22-REFLECTIONSOFTHEBUDDHAPhillipBloom,HarvardUniversityLi-kueiChien,SchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudies,UniversityofLondonEvan"Shea"Ingram,HarvardUniversityYanfeiZhu,OhioStateUniversityDISCUSSANT:EugeneYuejinWang,AbbyAldrichRockefellerProfessorofAsianArt,DepartmentoftheHistoryofArtandArchitecture,HarvardUniversityPhillipBloom,HarvardUniversity(HistoryofArtandArchitecture,PhD)ATextileTesterofBrick:ChronotopicVisualEffectinthePagodaatXiudingMonasteryAnylandscapenecessarilyconstitutesaphysicalchronotope.
Geologicalfeaturesandruinedstructuresfillingthespatialexpansedirectonetoconsiderthetemporalnarrativethatgavethelandscapeitscontemporaryform,whilecurrentactivitiesinvariablyspeakofapresentindebtedtohistoricaltradition.
Thefuture,however,remainsexcludedfromthechronotopicfield,existingonly,ifatall,asimmaterialspeculation.
YetinasmallminingvillagenorthwestofthecityofAnyanginHenanProvince,wefindaphysical,millenarianaberrationinthechronotopictapestryoftheChineselandscape.
ThismonumentistheXiudingMonasterypagoda,builtbyalocalprincearound782onthesiteofasimilarstructureoftheNorthernQiperiod(550-577).
Thecanopy-likeedifice—dedicatedtotheFutureBuddha,Maitreya,andpairedwithapagodadedicatedtotheHistoricalBuddha,Sakyamuni—iscoveredinatextiliccompositionofmorethan3500moldedbricktiles,whosevariedmotifsincludefiguresbothlocalandcanonical,familiarandforeign,ExotericandEsoteric.
Iwillshowthatthepagodaconstitutesamultidirectionalchronotope,simultaneouslyembodyingstylistictraitsindebtedtothepastartoftheNorthernQiandSui(581-618)anddirectingtheworshippertoanticipateMaitreya'sfuturedescent—animminent,joyousalternativetoapresentstillunstableinthewakeoftheAnShiRebellion(755-763).
Showingthatthepagodaservesasabridgeamongthesevariednotions,Iwillarguethatitconstitutesamonumentcriticaltounderstandingthetransitionaltendenciesinthelittle-studiedartoftheeighthcentury.
Li-kueiChien,SchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudies,UniversityofLondon(ArtandArchaeology,PhD)TheContemplativeBodhisattvaImageintheYellowSeaCircuit:KoreaPeninsulaandHebei-ShandongThecontemplatingboddhisattvawasaniconographictraditionthatproliferatedacrosstheworldsofCentralandEastAsianBuddhismfromthesecondtotheeighthcenturyAD.
ThispaperfocusesoniconographicalexchangewithintheYellowSeaCircuit,HebeiandShandongprovincesandtheKoreanPeninsulainthesixthtoseventhcentury.
Ithaspreviouslybeenproposedthatthedevelopmentofthecontemplatingboddhisattva'siconographyinKoreawasderivedfromaprototypefoundinQingzhou,Shandong.
However,extensivefieldinvestigationsinShandongandHebeiandadetailediconographicanalysisofthecontemplatingboddhisattvaimagesfoundinShandong,HebeiandKoreayieldamorecomplexpictureoftheinteractionbetweenthesethreecentersofBuddhistsculptureintheYellowSeacircuit.
IproposethatKoreanartisansnotonlyadoptediconographiesfromShandong,butwerealsoinspiredbytheHebeisculptures.
Moreover,there-creationsinKoreareachedhighaestheticandtechnicalstandardsintheirownright.
TheYellowSeaCircuitwasaregionhavingactiveexchangeofBuddhistimageryinthesixthandseventhcenturies.
Iconographicexchangebetweenthesethreecentersformedbridgesthattranscendedpoliticalandgeographicalboundaries.
-23-Evan"Shea"Ingram,HarvardUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)TheoriesontheUse,Function,andMeaningofBuddhistEngravedMirrors(Kyōzō鏡像鏡像鏡像鏡像)TheimportationanddevelopmentofmirrorsinJapanbecomesimportantfromanearlyperiodfollowingtheestablishmentofthemirrorasthesacredsymbolofJapanesenativedieties(e.
g.
Amaterasu)aswellastheimperialfamily.
However,mirrorsandthebronzecastingtechniquesusedtofashionthemwereimportedfromChinaandKoreathroughformalandinformalcontacts,anditislikelythattheirsacredstatusinJapanisdirectlytraceabletoChinesebeliefsregardingtheburialofmirrorsintombsandtheroleofmirrorsinDaoistthought.
ThispaperwillexamineseveralexamplesofBuddhistmirrorsinJapan,someimportedfromChinaandothersfashionedinthelateHeian/earlyKamakura,focusingparticularlyontheirconnectionswithcontinentalreligiousiconographyandbeliefs,aswellasinterpretationsoftheiriconographicexpressionswithinthecontextofshinbutsushūgō神仏習合.
Thistopicisrelevanttotheconferencethemeasitexplorescross-culturallinksbetweenJapanandthecontinentbothintermsofmaterialcultureandreligion.
YanfeiZhu,OhioStateUniversity(HistoryofArt,PhD)YunnaneseImagesofTrueBodyBodhisattvaAvalokitesvara:InorOutofChinaTheearlytwentiethcenturywitnessedscholars'risinginterestinsomearttreasuresattributedtoYunnan.
Lyingonthesouthwesternborderlineofnowadays'China,Yunnanhasfromtimetotimebeendemarcatedawayfromandbacktotheterritoryofthecentralempire.
Abridgeandborder,theplaceconnectsChinaanditsAsianneighborsgeographicallyandculturally.
ThemostfrequentlycitedexamplesarethreepaintingscrollsandanumberofsimilarbronzeimagesofGuanyinorAvalokitesvarafromthekingdomofDali(938-1253),oneofthemostfamousregimesofYunnan'sautonomy.
Ratherthanre-examiningthesourcesofthestylisticinfluences,whichhavebeenexhaustivelyanalyzedbypreviousscholars,thispaperwillargue,withtheconcentrationontherepeatedappearancesofthedistinctiveGuanyinimage,thattheseimagesmanifestthepsycheoftheYunnanaeserulersofthattime.
Inthispaper,stylisticanalysesareselectivelyadoptedtoprovethattheYunaneseimagerywasderivedfromSouthorSoutheastAsianprototypesratherthanChineseones.
Inscriptionsonthebronzesculpturesandtheexplanatorytextsonthepaintings,aswellasthecompositionandarrangementofthepaintings,arescrutinizedinordertoshowthepurposefulnessofsomechoicesmadebytheartistsandthepatrons,theYunanesekings.
Alltheaboveapproacheswillcontributetothetentativeconclusionthattheeitherhiddenoropenagendaofthepatronswasthattheywereafterauniqueidentitydifferentiatingtheirkingdomfrom,notonlyHanChina,butallothersurroundingregimes.
-24-STYLEANDMEANINGINMUSICALPERFORMANCEMariéAbe,UniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyChennyGan,UniversityofSouthernCaliforniaJessicaKotler,UniversityofSanFranciscoDISCUSSANT:IanCondry,AssociateProfessorofForeignLanguagesandLiterature,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMariéAbe,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley(Music,PhD)SoundingCounter-Geographies:TheHenokoPeaceMusicFestaandtheAnti-USMilitaryMovementinOkinawa,JapanInFebruary2006,inprotestagainsttheconstructionofanewoffshoreU.
S.
militarybase,agroupofmusiciansorganizedamusicfestival"PeaceMusicFesta"onHenokobeach,Okinawa.
Aconstellationofvariousmusicalsounds,politicalaspirations,translocalalliances,andhistoricalrelationsresoundedacrossthecontestedbeach,simultaneouslyreinforcingandunsettlingtheboundarymadeofbarbedwirethatphysicallyandpoliticallydividedthebeachintoAmericanandJapaneseterritories.
Inthispaper,Iwillfocusonaparticularlyprominentmusicalpresenceatthefestival—neo-chindon,orarevivalofchindon-ya,whichisahistoricalJapanesestreetmusic.
Throughanethnographicanalysis,Iinvestigatehowneo-chindonpractitioners'musicalpracticesnotonlydisruptthephysicalterritorialboundaries,butalsoproduceacounter-hegemonicspacethatgeneratespossibilitiesforanewmodalityofanti-USmilitarystruggleinOkinawa.
Centraltothisinvestigationismyanalyticof"soundingcounter-geography,"whichdrawsonworksbyhumangeographersHenriLefebvreandDoreenMasseyaswellasethnomusicologistsJocelyneGuilbaultandStevenFeld.
Bridgingthedisciplinaryborders,myanalytichighlightshow"sounding"isanaffectively,politically,anddiscursivelygenerativepracticethatproducesaconceptionofspaceasanotphysicallydelineatedbutrathersociallyproducedmilieu.
Throughthisanalytic,Ihighlighthowneo-chindonmusicianssoundoutcounter-geographyintheveryprocessofre-articulatingdisparaterelationsacrossgeographical,historical,andpoliticalborders.
ChennyGan,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia(ThorntonSchoolofMusic,DMA)NiceTechnique,NoExpression(ExpressiveGestureasBorrowedCommodityinModernChinesePerformancePractice)ThispaperfocusesonWesternexpressivityandgestureascommoditiesadoptedbymodernChineseinthepracticeofperformingWesternclassicalmusic.
AsChinabecomesanincreasinglyprominentpresenceintheworldoftheclassicalmusicaltradition,itsrapidincorporationoftheidiomhasincludedtheassimilationoftraditionallyWesternexpressivegesturesinperformance.
Bytakingsomethingthatisinherentandinteriortoanotherculture(likebodilyexpression)andimitatingonlyitsexteriorfeatures,modernChineseperformancepracticeraisesquestionsaboutthesignificanceofborrowinggesturesonasurfacelevelwithoutfullyassimilatingtheculturalandemotionalmotivationsbehindthosegestures.
DoestheperformanceloseauthenticitybecauseofthisCansurfaceimitationeventuallyleadtoauthenticitybyestablishingdeepculturalstructurefromthetopdownToanswerthesequestions,thematterofborrowedexpressivitymaybeaddressedfromseveralperspectives---fromWesternhistoricalattitudestowardexpressiveperformancegesture;fromresearchinmusicpsychologyonmodernaudienceperceptionsofgestureinperformance;fromtraditionalChineseviewsonmusicalexpressivityandsocialfunctionanditschangingsignificanceinamodernizingChina;andfromanalysisofvideoclipsexemplifyingtraditionalWestern,traditionalChineseandmodernizedChineseperformancestoaddresshowthisphenomenonismanifestinactualperformancepractice.
Theadoptionofgesturessymbolizes-25-modernChineseperformers'earnestattemptsatbuildingabridgetowardsauthenticWesternclassicalperformances;atthesametime,surfaceborrowingofgesturescreatesaparadoxicalwallofinauthenticitywhichseparatestheoriginalinstigatorsofamusicaltraditionfromitsinheritors.
JessicaKotler,UniversityofSanFrancisco(Asia-PacificStudies,MA)LegitimizingtheJapaneseVisual-keiStyle:OvercomingBarriersandTranscendingBordersThispaperexamineshowafringemusicsubcultureinJapancanbelegitimizedbyincorporatingglobal/localhybridformsofstyleandbyhighlightingethnicitytotranscendbordersandovercomebarrierstoculturalexchangeandappreciationofmusicdomesticallyandinternationally.
UsingthecasestudyofthemusicianMiyavi,thispaperexploreshowtheglobalculturalflowsofmusicandperformancestylearesimultaneouslymixedwithlocalinfluences,personalidentity,ethnicnostalgia,creativity,andoriginalitytoproduceanultra-hybridizedart.
Ininvokinganethnic-specificidentityandinproducingthishybridizedformofmusic,Miyaviisattemptingtolegitimizethemarginalizedsubcultureofvisual-kei(visualshockstylemusic).
Asnostalgicethnicmarkersarefusedwithanamalgamationofcontemporaryworldstyles,MiyaviportraysanimageofJapanesemusicthatconstitutesbothchangeandcontinuitywhichismarketedglobally.
Additionally,performingethnicitycanbeusedtoemphasizeasharedsenseofnostalgiaandidentitytolegitimizeandpromotenon-mainstreamculturedomestically.
Secondly,throughMiyavi'savant-gardecampaign,performancestylesofrock,hip-hop,funk,jazz,art,andtaparefusedtochangethewaysinwhichJapaneseaudiencesperceivetheviabilityofvisual-keistyleandmusic.
Interviews,performancesandlyricsareanalyzedtopresentaqualitativestudywhichcontributestotheunderstandingoftheeffectsofmulti-centered,circularglobalization,hybridizationandethnicperformanceonidentitypolitics.
Focusingontheartistallowsforanuancedunderstandingofthecomplexitythatentailstheconstructionofidentitywithinthesubcultureofvisual-kei.
CROSS-CULTURALNARRATIONSWilliamBridgesIV,PrincetonUniversityArthurMitchell,YaleUniversityCindiTextor,UniversityofIllinois,Urbana-ChampaignDISCUSSANT:KarenL.
Thornber,AssistantProfessorofComparativeLiterature,DepartmentofComparativeLiterature,HarvardUniversityWilliamBridgesIV,PrincetonUniversity(EastAsianStudies,PhD)Even(Signifying)MonkeysFallFromTrees:TheBordersofSignifyin(g)andNakagamiKenji's"Nihongonitsuite"In1968,NakagamiKenji(1946-1992)published"Nihongonitsuite"("OnJapanese"),anovellaonayoungcollegestudentwhoisostensiblyhiredtointroduceanAfrican-Americansoldiertothevariouspleasuresofpost-warJapan.
Exactlytwentyyearsafterthepublicationof"Nihongonitsuite",HenryLouisGates(1950-)arguedinTheSignifyingMonkeythattheAfrican-Americanliterarytraditionisrootedintheblackvernacularpracticeof"signifyin(g),"aformofperpetualtextualrevisionoftheblackexperience.
Thispaperinvestigatesthebenefitsofreading"Nihongonitsuite"vis-a-visTheSignifyingMonkey(1988).
Nakagami's"signifyin(g)"—readrevisionofpreviousJapaneseliteraryrepresentationsofblackness—ispalpableonlywhenweexaminethenovellainaborderlessintertextualmatrix,whenwesimultaneousexplore"Japanese"and"African-American"vectorsofthetext'sintertextuality.
Thispaperposestwoinquiries-26-whichengagewiththethemeofbridgesandborders.
First,canJapaneseauthors"signify"ThisquestionchallengesthetrajectorymappedbyGates,oneinwhichproto-signifyin(g)isborninNigeria,survivesthejourneyacrosstheMiddlePassage,docksintheWestIndies,emigratestoAmerica,andisultimatelyborderedonandbythestreetcornersofHarlem.
Second,inwhatwaydoesNakagami'stextsignify/"signify"aparadigmaticbridgeinliteraryrepresentationsofblackness;howdoesthisbridgemoveJapaneseauthorsfromrepresentationsofblacknesswhichassumethatJapaneseauthorsdon'thavean"authenticvoice"withwhichtorepresentblackstorepresentationsofblacknesswhichmobilizeintertextualitytochallengetheverynotionofan"authenticblackvoice"ArthurMitchell,YaleUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandLiteratures,PhD)LinguisticCritiqueinTanizaki'sChijinnoaiThispaperconsidershowTanizaki'smodernistnovel,Chijinnoai,displacesideologiesassociatedwiththeWestbymeansofanarrativestrategythatassimilatesandexaminestheeverydaysociallanguagethatengenderstheseconcepts.
Whilethenovelissetasalovestory,theprotagonist'sdesiresarebasedinspecificfantasiesassociatedwiththeWestthathadbecomepopularizedthroughthediscourseofmassmediaandconsumercultureduringthe1920s.
ExamplesofthisdiscoursewouldbethelanguageofHollywoodorthelanguagesurroundingthenewlypopularWestern-stylemodeofliving,withitsconnotationsofplay,theatricality,andRomanticism.
Throughhissatiricalportrayalofaprotagonistthatactivelyusesthislanguagetoapprehendandcreatethewomanofhisdesires,Tanizakiestablishesalinguisticandnarrativestrategybywhichtocritiquethissociallanguage,andexploreandrelativizetheideologiesabouttheWestthatitsupports.
ThroughTanizaki'snovel,thispapermorebroadlyexploresthewaymodernistfictionengagesmodernizationnotthroughitsthemesandsettingsbutthroughstrategiesoflanguageandnarrative.
Itdemonstrateshowliterature,throughitslinguisticandformaltechniques,canchallengeideologies,exposeandsubvertconventionalmodesofthought,andembodyaspectsofmodernexperience.
Asastudythatcombinescloseanalysisoflanguageandformaldevicesinmodernisttextswithinvestigationofthesocial,economic,andculturalchanges,thispaperattemptstofurtherdissolvetheintellectualanddisciplinarywallsthatstilldividestudiesofliteratureandhistory.
CindiTextor,UniversityofIllinois,Urbana-Champaign(EastAsianLanguagesandCultures,MA/PhD)BordersandWords:LanguageandIdentityinKimSk-bm'sMandogiyūreikitan(TheLegendoftheGhostofMandogi)OnemajorthemeinthestudyofzainichiKoreans(theKoreandiasporainJapan)hasbeenthelinkbetweenlanguageandidentity.
Thiswasespeciallytrueinthelate1960sandearly1970s,whenthesecondgenerationzainichi(manyofwhomspokeonlyJapanese)werereachingadulthood,andwhenzainichiauthorssuchasRiKaiseibegantodiscussthesignificanceofKoreanswritinginJapanese.
ItisinthisclimatethatKimSk-bm's1971novel,Mandogiyūreikitan(TheLegendoftheGhostofMandogi)waspublished.
Onitssurface,MandogiisahistoricalnovelsetduringtheChejuMassacreof1948,butithasalsobeenreadasanallegoryforzainichiexistence.
Inthispaper,IgoonestepfurtherandreadthenovelasKim'sreactiontothenotionthatlanguage,words,names,andsoon,areequippedtodefineone'sidentity.
AfterabriefdiscussionoftheChejuMassacreanditsimplicationsinthehistoriesofbothKoreaandJapan,Iexploreafewwaysinwhichthenovelrejectsdichotomieslike"JapaneseversusKorean,"andindoingso,breaksdownthebordersthatsuchlanguagecreates.
Drawingfromthenumerousnamesusedtorefertothenovel'sprotagonistandtheirinabilitytodefinehim,fromtheuseofBuddhistrhetorictocritiquelanguage,andfromthelackofstabilityandtrustworthinessinthenarrativeitself,IarguethatKimusesMandogitoresistandtoblurthebordersdrawnbylanguage.
-27-MAPPINGSPIRITUALANDMORALTRANSFORMATIONSINVIETNAMMeravShohet,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesPhuongHoaTran,VietnamAcademyofSocialSciencesDISCUSSANT:Hue-TamHoTai,KennethT.
YoungProfessorofSino-VietnameseHistory,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityMeravShohet,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles(Anthropology,PhD)AGoodDeathMortuaryRitesandMoralLimitstoBridgingBordersbetweenTragedyandRegenerationWhenManagingBereavementinCentralVietnamDeathhasbeentheorizedastheultimateseparationbetweentheworldofthelivingandworldsbeyond.
Facedwithacrisisthatdemandstransformation,andpreferablycatharsis,familyandcommunitymembersinVietnam(andelsewhere)managetragicdeaththroughtheenactmentofelaboratemortuaryritesandcommemorativeritualstoeasethedeceased'stransitiontotheworldbeyond,whereitsspiritistobecomeabenevolentancestorratherthananangry,hungryghost.
Bridgingcultural,psychological,andvisualanthropology,inthispaperIfocusontheexperiencesofthebereavedinmanaginggriefinCentralVietnam:first,bydelineatingtheculturalpractices,includingpersonalcomportment,performedbyandexpectedofmournersinthefaceofdeath;andsecond,byquestioninghowandtowhatextentsuchpracticesaffectindividuals'abilitiestocope(ornot)withthecrisesandtransformationsthatensuefromdeath.
Highlightingsomeofthemoralrupturesarticulatedbymournersastheytrytobridgethechasmbetweenculturalexpectationsandpersonalfeelingsofgriefandloss,Iusethecasestudyoftworelatedbutspatio-temporallydisjunctivefuneralstodestabilizereceivedanthropologicalwisdomabouttheroleofburialsandcommemorativeritualsineffectingsmoothbordercrossingsbetweenthelivingandthedead,andbetweenpersons'psycho-medicalwell-beinganddisintegration.
PhuongHoaTran,VietnamAcademyofSocialSciences(InstituteofHistory,PhD)Franco-VietnameseSchoolsandTransitionfromConfuciantoNewKindofIntellectualsinColonialContextinTonkinInthecontextofcolonialism,VietnamunderwenttransitionfromConfuciantoWestern-styleeducation,whereFranco-Vietnameseschoolswerethemedianinstitutions.
Tonkin,withitsspecificfeaturesasbeingclosesttoChinaamongotherregions(CochinchinaandAnnam)andbearingthelongestlastingConfucianinfluence,experiencedprofoundchangesineducationsincetheinvasionofFrench(1882)toindependencemoment(August1945).
TherewerethreemaineducationalandlanguagereformstoshiftunstructuredConfuciantonewkindofschooling,whichwasnotonlydrivenbythecolonialpolicybutalsobylocalforces.
AlthoughFranco-Vietnameseeducationwasconsideredpartofthecolonialstrategy,theschoolenvironmentnurturedsignificantVietnamesenationalmovements.
Progressiveknowledge,transmittedbypro-leftistFrenchandpatrioticVietnameseteacherspenetratedschools.
Inaddition,theconcentrationofstudentsfromvariousareasofTonkincreatedfavourableconditionforexchangingideas,facilitatingformationofnationalgroupsandtheiranticolonialactivities.
ExceptforexminingthedevelopmentofFranco-Vietnameseschoolingsystem,theauthorfocusedonsomeTonkineseintellectualrepresentativeswhowerewitnessandbearersofthechanges.
ItisanopportunitytoshareexperiencesthatmaybesimilartootherEastAsiancountriesconcerningeducationalandlanguagereforms(fromoldChinese-basedtoVietnameseandFrenchlearningasincaseofTonkin)intheearlytwentiethcentury.
-28-BRUSHES,BLOCKS,ANDBIBLIOPHILIA:THEORDEROFBOOKSINEASTASIAJavierCha,HarvardUniversityQiuleiHu,HarvardUniversityRachelSaunders,HarvardUniversityBrianSteininger,YaleUniversityDISCUSSANT:XiaofeiTian,ProfessorofChineseLiterature,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityJavierCha,HarvardUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)Neo-ConfucianismandInquisitiveReading:TheReceptionofGujinshiwenleijuinLate-MiddlePeriodKoreaTheprefacetotheChineseencyclopediaGujinshiwenleijubeginswithwordsofcaution.
DrawingontheNeo-Confuciandichotomyof"empiricalknowledge"and"moralknowledge,"thecompilerZhuMu(fl.
13thcentury)anxiouslywarnshisreadersnottofallintothetrapofextensiveacquisitionofsuperficialknowledgeandneglectingintensivedeductionofthecoherentmoralmessageunderlyingthetext.
Bytheironyofhistory,however,GujinshiwenleijuprovedtobeoneofthemostsuccessfulcommercialpublicationsinlateimperialChina,extolledbybibliophilesasoneofthemostefficientlyindexedleishuencyclopedia.
GujinshiwenleijualsoenjoyedunsurpasseddemandandlongevityinKorea,betweentheinauguralcourt-commissionedreproductionin1493andlastknowncommercialimprintdatedto1891.
ThispaperexploresthetensionbetweentheorderconceivedbythecompilerandtheorderbywhichhisKoreanreadersdecodedknowledgefromthisbookthroughthereceptionofGujinshiwenleijuintwodistinctsettings.
Between1493andcirca1600,thecentralcourtvirtuallymonopolizedthepublicationofGujinshiwenleiju.
Thismodelwasconceivedsuchthathighculturewastobedefinedatthecenterdisseminatedtotheprovinces.
After1600,however,thegradualdevolutionofthestate'sculturalhegemonychallengedthisstructure,andtheemergenceofurbancenterstransformedthisencyclopediaintoacommercialpublication.
Ineithercase,theKoreanconsumerscompletelyneglectedtheNeo-Confucianmessageintheprefaceandappropriatedtheirowncreativemechanismsinutilizingthisbook.
QiuleiHu,HarvardUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)SuppressedVoicesofWomenPoetsinEarlyMedievalChina"BoudoirReproach"orguiyuanhasbecomethemostcommonthemeassociatedwiththepoeticvoiceofwomensincethesixthcentury.
However,therealworldoffemalecompositionintheearlymedievalperiodwasfarmorecomplexanddiverse.
Despitethereisneverlackofrecordsaboutsuccessfulfemalewritersindynastichistories,thegreatmajorityoftheirpoemsandotherliteraryworkshadbeenlostbytheSongdynasty.
OnlyveryfewpoemshavesurviveduntiltodaybecauseofthepartialinclusioninliteraryanthologiessuchastheYutaixinyong.
Mostofthesepoemsdealwiththemesthatbyandlargefallintothe"BoudoirReproach"category.
Ontheotherhand,fragmentsofearlypoemsbywomenarepreservedinencyclopediassuchastheYiwenleiju.
Itisinterestingthatweoftenfindinthesefragmentsvoicesofwomenwhichdifferfromtheconventionalvoicesofresentmentandromanticlonging.
Moreover,literarycriticismofthesixthcenturyprovidessomeinformationoncontemporaryperceptionsofthefemalevoiceinpoetry.
Thispaperexamineshowanthologiesandliterarycriticismofthesixthcenturyinfluencedandevendeterminedthewaysthefemalevoicewasunderstoodandreusedinlatergenerations.
Whywere-29-somepoemsbywomenwriterspreservedwhereasotherswereforgottenWhatwerethecriteriaforselectioninliteraryanthologieswhenitcametopoemswrittenbywomenWhatroledidtheseanthologiesandliterarycriticismplayinconstructingconventionalfemaleimagesandvoicesinChinesepoetictraditionRachelSaunders,HarvardUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)BeautyandBibliophiliainEarlyModernJapan:KitagawaUtamaro'sGiftsoftheEbbTide潮干のつと潮干のつと潮干のつと潮干のつとGiftsoftheEbbTideisoneofthemosthighlysought-afterofallJapaneserarebooks.
Whyshouldthismodest-sizedillustratedbookofjust10pagescontinuetoexertsuchapullontheimaginationsofinstitutionalandprivatecollectorsmorethan200yearsafteritwaspublishedDesignedbyKitagawaUtamaro(-1806),GiftsoftheEbbTidewasfirstpublishedin1789.
Itopenswithanimageofmenandwomenabouttownenjoyingadaybeachcombing,followedbysixpagespreadsofexquisitelyprintedseashells,eachwithakyōka(madversepoem)above.
Usuallyunderstoodasaprivatepublicationforapoetrycircle,itisundeniablybeautiful.
ButinthechicurbancultureofearlymodernJapaninwhichfashionablecirclesregularlycommissionedluxuryprints,itwasnotonlyitsbeautythatmadeitstandout.
Goingbeyonditsfamiliarbookformat,thispaperexaminesanumberofsophisticatedgamesthebookplays,transgressingmodernboundariesappliedtoconceptsofthebook,genre,andreading,andplacesitinthecontextofscientificcuriosityinearlymodernJapan.
Re-tracingreadingsofanyrarebookislikeholdingametaphoricalseashelltotheearinthehopesofhearingtheseaasitsoundedinadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.
Thehopeisthatbyre-examiningthisiconicwork,additionalclarityandnuancecanbeaddedtoourunderstandingofthewiderculturalandpublishingcontextsthatproducedthisextraordinarywork.
BrianSteininger,YaleUniversity(EastAsianLanguagesandLiteratures,PhD)LiJiao's"HundredandTwentySongs":FossilsofManuscriptAnnotationTheHundred-TwentySongs(oftencalled"RiKyōhyakuei"inJapan)isanEarlyTangcollectioninthe"poemsonthings"[yongwu]genre.
AnannotatededitionofthepoemsdatedTianbao6(747)waslostinChinabytheendoftheSong,andtheMuromachi-periodmanuscriptintheKeioLibraryisoneofonlyafewknownextantcopiesinJapan.
Thework'ssurvivalinJapanisattributabletoitswidespreaduseasachildren'sprimer,particularlyinthelate-HeianandKamakuraperiods.
BeyonditsclearimpactontheaestheticofJapanesekanshipoetry,thecontentoftheworkcanbeprofitablycomparedtootherencyclopediccatalogsinearly-medievalJapan(suchasWamyōruijushū),whichfunctionedasconveyorsandpopularizersofChineseloreinaliminalspaceonthefrontieroftheChineseculturalsphere.
Themanuscripttraditionisalsoabridgeacrosstime,maintainedbyscribalreproductionacrosshundredsofyears;butevidenceofitsspan—themarginalia,miscopies,corrections,andadditionstothetext—isalsoevidenceofthebridge'smutability.
ThetextpreservedintheKeiomanuscriptbetraystheimpactonmedievalscribalcultureofprintcapitalismandforeigntrade,asquotationsfromSongbookspermeatetheoriginal,andthiscorruptioninturnunderminedthework'sauthenticityintheeyesofEdophilologists.
-30-JAPANANDITSFRONTIERSThomasBarker,NationalUniversityofSingaporeAsatoIkeda,UniversityofBritishColumbiaAndreaMurray,HarvardUniversityColinTyner,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruzDISCUSSANT:IanJ.
Miller,AssistantProfessorofHistory,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityThomasBarker,NationalUniversityofSingapore(Sociology,PhD)AJapaneseFilmmakerinIndonesiaandtheStruggleforIndependenceThedominantnationalisthistoryoftheIndonesianfilmindustryofferslittlespacetothecontributionsofnon-nativeIndonesiansandtothefoundationalcontributionsofDutchandJapanesecolonialism.
ThispaperexaminestheearlyandpivotalcontributionofaJapanesepropagandaofficerandfilmmakerwhotooktheextraordinarystepofstayinginIndonesiaafterthewar.
Largelyforgottenbyhistory,Dr.
HuyungakaHinatsuHeitarowasacentralfigureintherebuildingofthefilmindustryinindependentIndonesia.
HislifestorywascomposedofdiverseoriginsandconflictedexistenceasaKoreanwhogrewupinJapan,onlytoreturntohisbirthcountryasapropagandistinWWIIandwhowouldlatercometoJava,Indonesia.
ThispaperexamineshistimeinIndonesiaasapropagandaofficerresponsibleforthetrainingofnativeculturalworkers,andhissubsequentroleinthepost-warindustrywiththesettingupofafilmschool,KinoDramaAtelier,andtheproductionoffourfeaturefilms.
ThesebridgeshebuiltwouldplayasubstantialroleinthereconstructionofafilmindustryinindependentIndonesiabuthewouldbelostastheindustryasserteditsownversionoftheindependencestrugglethathadlittlespacefornon-nativeprotagonists.
ThispapershedslightontheinfluenceoftheJapanesepropagandasystemonIndonesiansandtheeffortsofoneman,Dr.
Huyung,tobreakfreefromthecolonialmould.
AsatoIkeda,UniversityofBritishColumbia(ArtHistory,PhD)YearningforaNewIdentity:WhenHokkaidoBecameHotintheSummerof2008InJuly2008,theHokkaidoMuseumofModernArtorganizedtheexhibitionofformerofficialwarartistFujitaTsuguharu(1886-1968),whowasostracizedafterthewarandfledtoFrance.
TheexhibitionwaspartoftheFujitarevivalmovement,whichstartedwithhis2006retrospectivethatrepresentedtheartistasthe"modernistgenius"whowasunfairlyscapegoated.
Whilethe2008Fujitaexhibitionpurportedtofurthercelebratetheartist'sfame,unlikethe2006retrospective,theexhibitiondidnotdisplayhiscontroversialwarpaintings.
Tobeginwith,whydidthisexhibitiontakeplaceinHokkaidoInfact,Hokkaidowasarrangedtobeasiteforhistorical"rupture":theFujitaexhibitionresonatedwithJapan'seffortto(re)presentanewnationalimageattheG8Summit,whichtookplaceinToyako,Hokkaido,afewdaysbeforetheexhibition'sopening.
Yet,Hokkaidoisarather"haunted"place:socialissuesoftheAinuremainlargelyunsolved,andthespiritofOgawaraShū,virtuallytheonlyformerwarpainterwhoadmittedhisresponsibilityandwhoisolatedhimselfinHokkaido,hoversbehindthenationalrevivalofFujita.
Inthispaper,IwillexaminehowthetwonationaleventsinHokkaidoattemptedtorenewtheimageoftheartistandthenationbyburyingtheburdenofthepast,andultimatelyfailed.
DrawingonFreudandDerrida,Iarguethat"workingthrough,"notrepressionof,theproblemsofthepast—guilt,shame,andtheviolenceofthewar—willbridgeJapantoa"post"postwarperiod.
-31-AndreaMurray,HarvardUniversity(Anthropology,PhD)CoralGardensandTheirDecline:AStudyattheBordersofPreservationTheproblemofcoralreefdeclineinthePacificcallsforacollaborativebridgingofborders:national,cultural,disciplinaryandgeographic.
Inthispaper,Iidentifytheintellectualandpracticalboundariesthatdefineanddelimitactivist,researchandlegislativeaimstowardthepreservationofcoralreefs.
FocusingonJapan'sroleinburgeoninginternationalcoralreefprotectioninitiatives,Iarguethatacombinationofpost-WWIIpolitical,geographicandmethodologicalbordershavehinderedeffectiveorganizingaroundtheglobalproblemofbleachingcoralreefs.
Asananthropologist,Irespondtomarinescientists'callforinterdisciplinaritybyconsideringhowsocialscientistsmightcontributetothecauseofcoralreefsbyhighlightingthepracticesandperspectivesofreef-andmarinetourism-dependenthumancommunitiesonislandssuchasOkinawaandMicronesia.
ColinTyner,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz(History,PhD)Unsettlingthe'Pristine':AHistoryoftheSettlingandUnsettlingofLandscapeintheOgasawaraIslandsMypaperexaminesearlychangestothematerialandrepresentationallandscapeoftheOgasawaraIslands,agroupislandssituated1000kilometerssoutheastofJapan.
Throughaqualitativeexaminationofgovernmentsponsoredscientificstudies,whichincludedatasuchasforestrysurveysandbiologicalfieldreports,mypaperexploresthewaysinwhichgovernmentagentsproducedmeaningofthelandscapeofonetheearliestsettlercoloniesonJapan'ssouthernfrontier.
Intheearlystagesofdevelopment,governmentofficialsandsettlersimaginedtheOgasawaraIslandstransitionaryspace,abridge,sittingbetweentheSouthandNorthPacific.
Myexaminationofthehistoryofnegotiationsandconfrontationsthatdevelopedbetweendifferenthumanandnonhumanactorsontheislandsrevealsacoupleofthings.
First,itillustrateshowthemakingoftheislands'landscapewasasharedprocess.
Itshowshowanimalsandplantsmarkedthelandalongwithhumans.
Second,ithelpstolocatethelimitationsofcolonialanddevelopmentalplanning.
Iarguethattheincreasingappearanceofferalfloraandfaunaingovernmentsponsoredscientifictextsandeconomicreportscanbeseenasasignifierofcrisistotheinstitutionalbarriersproducedtocontrolferallandscapesandspeciessittingoutsidethespacesofdomestication.
Whilethegovernmentofficialsproducedsurveys,maps,andfieldnotestoestablishasenseofregularityonthelandscape,thetextscanalsobereadtorevealthemomentsofcrisisindevelopmentandthelimitsofapparatusesofgovernanceanddevelopment.
-32-CHINESEMIGRATIONANDDIASPORAJingJingChang,UniversityofIllinois,Urbana-ChampaignPingDu,TheChineseUniversityofHongKongYaLiu,UniversityofMinnesotaSammTyroler-Cooper,YaleUniversityTingXu,LondonSchoolofEconomicsDISCUSSANT:NicoleNewendorp,LectureronSocialStudies,FacultyofArtsandSciences,HarvardUniversityJingJingChang,UniversityofIllinois,Urbana-Champaign(History,PhD)MovingTheatreComestoTown:RepresentingModernityinPostwarColonialHongKongInthe1960s,theHongKongcolonialgovernment'sfilmunitbeganproducingpublicityshortfilmsinanattempttoprojectthesuccessofitsmodernizinginitiativesinthepastdecadetothelocalHongKongpopulace.
Inparticular,thegovernmentrepeatedlyflaunteditsefficientresponseinprovidingrelieftofirevictims,wholosttheirmakeshifthomesinHongKong'snumerousurbansquatterareas,throughlarge-scaleresettlementhousingprojects.
Suchrelocationofsquatterstoruralnewtownsalsoeffectivelycreatedaclass-baseddemographicdividebetweentheurbanandnewtownpopulations.
Bythelate1960s,inordertoco-optthegrowinggrassrootspopulationinsuchpublichousingblocks,thegovernmentbroughtitspromotionalshortfilmsviaitsMobileFilmTeamtosuchneighborhoods.
Indeed,suchproactiveservicingmayhavebridgedthedividebetweentheurbancolonialcenterandtheruraloutskirtsofthecolony.
MypaperreconstructsthefilmgoingexperiencesinsuchnewtownsthroughphotographstakenbytheMobileFilmTeamduringvariousoutdoormoviescreenings.
Iarguethatsuchfilmprojectionssuccessfullyreconnectedthedividesandbordersbetweenthemetropolitanandnewtowns;traditionandmodernity;andthehighpoliticsofcolonialpoliciesandthesocialworldoftheunderprivileged.
Furthermore,itispreciselyatsuchfilmicmoments,amidsttheprocessofbeingdisciplinedbygovernmentpromotionalfilms,thatthepopulacecreativelyfoundanexteriorrepresentationalspacewheretheyenjoyedleisureandfreedomasacommunityoutsideandbeyondthesuffocatinginteriorsoftheirhomes.
PingDu,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong(Sociology,PhD)GenderandGeneration:Rural-UrbanMigrationDecisionsinMainlandChinaThedualstructureandhouseholdregistrationsystembuiltanunbridgeableboundarybetweenruralandurbanareasinmainlandChina.
However,therapidgrowthofruraltourbanmigrationhasgiventhisboundaryanopeningthatprovidesruralpeopleanopportunitytoearntheirlivingsincitiessincetheeconomicreformsin1978.
Migrationdecisionmaking,asthestartingpointofmigrationprocess,startsthewayofruralpeopletomigratetocitiesaswellasthewaytocrosstheboundarybetweenruralandurbanareasincontemporaryChina.
Thisarticlefocusesonthedynamicsofgenderandgenerationinmigrationdecision-making.
Ituncoversbothgenderandgenerationdifferencesamongruraltourbanmigrantworkers,andfurtherexaminestheunderlyingmechanismsleadtothesedifferences.
Usingthequalitativemethodsofparticipantobservationandin-depthinterview,datawascollectedthroughathree-monthfieldworkinsouthChina.
Findingsshowthatthedecisiontomigratediffersbothfromfemaletomaleandfromgenerationtogeneration.
Fortheoldergeneration,ruralmalesmainlymigrateforeconomicmotivation,whilefemalemigrantsoftenconductdependentmigration.
Fortheyoungergeneration,exceptforbeingeducated,rural-urbanmigrationbecomesaninevitablechoicegradually,thougheconomicmotivationstillplaysanimportantrole.
ThesedifferencesalsoimplythatruraltourbanmigrationwillbecomethedestinyforruralpeopleiftheboundarybetweenruralandurbanareasstillexistsandthereisnosignificantchangeinthedualstructureandhouseholdregistrationsysteminChinesesociety.
-33-YaLiu,UniversityofMinnesota(Comparative&InternationalDevelopmentEducation,PhD)ChristianityandChineseDiasporaintheUnitedStatesThispaperaddressestherelationshipbetweenChristianityandChinesediasporaintheUnitedStates,basedoninterviewsandparticipantobservationsataChineseChristianchurch.
ItexploreshowtheChineseconvertedtoChristianity;comparesChineseChristianswithAmericanChristiansintermsoftheirwaysofinterpretingandpracticingChristianity;anditalsoidentifytherolethatChristianityplaysintheidentityreconstructionofChinesediasporiccommunity.
Theresearchdemonstratesthatspiritualandpracticalneedsforthediasporiccommunityinadaptingtothehostculturearetwomajormotivationsfortheconversion.
Christianityisnotonlya"shelter"butalsoa"bridge"fortheirreconstructionofidentity.
ChineseChristianitygroupisan"imaginedcommunity"fortheChineseChristiansintheUnitedStates.
SammTyroler-Cooper,YaleUniversity(InternationalRelations,MA)GrassrootsLegalTraining:PerceptionsbyMigrantWorkersofitsRelevancetoCrossingChina'sRural-UrbanBorderSincethel990s,agrowingnumberofChinesenon-governmentalorganizations(NGOs)havebeenprovidinglegaladvocacyandtraininginlaborlawforrural-urbanmigrantworkers.
MypaperlooksattheimpactoftheseinitiativesonthedailylivesofmigrantsinBeijing'sinformalservicesector,includingdomesticworkers,janitors,andwaitresses.
Iarguethatthestructuralobstaclescreatedbytheinformallaborsystemoftenimpedemigrantworkersfromusingtheirknowledgeofrightstogainleverageandimprovetheirworkconditions.
ThepaperdrawsonfieldworkconductedintwoChineseNGOsinBeijing,andincludescasestudiesofmigrantsfromruralChinaages17to20whoparticipateinthesecenters.
BuildingonZhangLi'sethnography"StrangersintheCity"(2001)onsocialnetworkswithinChina'sfloatingpopulation,thepaperexaminesgrassrootslegaltrainingasatoolformigrantstopermeatetheborderbetweenruralandurbanChina.
Iaddresstheconferencethemesonmultiplelevels:thelawasatoolforcrossingChina'srural-urbandivide;bordersseparatingformalandinformallabor;andtheparadoxofilliterateruralpeasantslearningChineselaw.
TingXu,LondonSchoolofEconomics(Law,PhD)TheEndoftheUrban-RuralDivideEmergingQuasi-CommonsinRuralChinaTheurban-ruraldivideinChinawasentrenchedintheMaoistera.
Thisdividegeneratedandcontinuestogenerateinequalitybetweendifferentkindsofsocialgrouping:inparticular,farmershavebeentiedtightlytoruralland.
Inpost-DengChina,legalandgovernmentaldistinctionsbetweenurbanandruralhavebecomeblurred.
Nevertheless,theurban-ruraldividestillexists,andtheincomeoffarmersislessthanthatforruralresidents.
Inthispaper,itisarguedthattheemergenceof'quasi-commons'inruralChina,crossingthe'borders'oftheurban-ruraldivide,mayincreasefarmers'incomeandbridgethisdivideinthefuture.
Thispaperfocusesondifferentformsof'quasi-commons'(thesharinganduseofcommunalland)emerginginruralareas,includingthefarmlandshareholdingcooperatives,transferofruralresidentialplotsinthemarket,andtransformingrurallandmanagementrightsintojointventuresshares.
TherearedivergentviewsheldbyChineseacademicsandpolicymakersabout'quasi-commons'inruralChina,aswellasthedirectionofchangeintherurallandsystem.
However,mostoftheproposalsforreformhavebeenpolarizedbetweennationalizationandprivatizationofruralland.
Lookingbeyondthis'boundarythinking'anddrawingonthediscoursesof'thecommons'(forexample,Hardin,Heller,Ostrom),thispaperanalysesthetheoreticalmodelsofboththenationalizationandprivatizationschemesandtheirshortcomings.
Thispaperalsocomparesquasi-commonsdiscoursesinChinaandthecommonsdiscourses-34-inthe'West',finallyanalysesthebarriersto(inparticular,thelackofthesocialsecuritysystem),andtheprospectfor,theemergingcommonsinruralChina.
CELESTIALBORDERCROSSINGSLukeHabberstad,UniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyAlexandreIliouchine,McGillUniversityYanLiu,UniversityofMichigan,AnnArborPauliWai,UniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyDISCUSSANT:WiltL.
Idema,ProfessorofChineseHistory,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityLukeHabberstad,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley(History,PhD)FindingAPlaceintheUniverse:CosmologicalConstructionsofForeign-CentralStatesRelationsintheTreatiseonHeavenlyOfficialsThescholarNicoladiCosmohasrecentlyarguedthatinthe"TreatiseonHeavenlyOfficials"ofhisShiji,SimaQianusedYin-YangcosmologytodrawadividinglinebetweentheCentralStatesofthesouthandthenomadicpeoplesofthenorth.
Thispaperwillassessthisargumentviaaclosereadingofthe"TreatiseonHeavenlyOfficials"andBanZhao's"AstronomicalTreatise"intheHanshu.
WhileYin-YangdualismdoesplayapartinconstructingacosmologicalrelationshipbetweentheCentralRealm(Zhongguo)andforeignpeoples,thetreatisesinfactexpressacomplexseriesofYin-Yang,Wuxing,andqirelationshipsthatsometimessharpenandsometimesblurthedistinctionbetweenthe"foreign"andthe"CentralRealm(Zhongguo)".
Thepaperwillfurthersuggestthatthispresentationofcenter-foreignrelationsmoreaccuratelyreflectsthemultifariousandcontradictoryinteractionsbetweentheCentralRealmandforeignstatesdescribedintheShijiandHanshu.
TheinstabilityofthecosmologicalbordersinthetreatisesmustmoreoverbeviewedaspartofalargerdebateamongstHanthinkersabouthowtoaccountforanddealeffectivelywiththethreatfromthenomadicXiongnu,whichmoreandmorescholarsrecognizewasahighlysophisticatedandorganizedgroupthateasilyrivaledtheHan.
ThispaperaddressestheissuesofforeignrelationsandbordersduringtheHandynasty,focusingontheintellectualconstructionofthoseborders,whichwasanimportantdebate.
Thus,thepaperfitsintotheconference'sthemeoftheshiftingandcontestednatureofEastAsianborders.
AlexandreIliouchine,McGillUniversity(EastAsianStudies,MA)FromMortalitytoImmortality:Self-DivinizationintheLaoziZhongjingInancientandmedievalChina,thequestforcrossingtheborderbetweenmortalandimmortal,humananddivinehasgeneratedvariousmethods,rangingfromingestingheavymetalstosexualtechniques.
Laozizhongjing—"TheCentralScriptureofLaozi"—isaChinesetextdatedtoca.
3rdcenturyCE.
Itdescribespracticesconsistingofmeditation,visualization,andcirculationofqi,withtheeventualgoalofbecomingimmortal.
TheCentralScripture,oneoftheearliesttransmittedmanualsofDaoistcosmology,providesadetaileddescriptionofthedeitieswhoresidebothintheoutercosmosandintheinnercosmosofthehumanbody.
WritteninthefirstnameofLaozi,itissemanticallydifficultduetothechanginguseofthefirstpersonpronoun"wu,"whichreferstothenarrator,theadept,andtheVermillionChild,whoisoneofthedeitiesresidingwithintheadept'sbody.
Inthispaper,IwillprovideamapoftheinnerandtheouterpantheonsandanalyzetheinterrelationbetweentheminordertodemonstratethatLaoziisa-35-manifestationoftheDao,presentwithinthehumanbodyintheformoftheVermillionChild,whomthetextequatestotheimmortalselfofeveryhumanbeing.
Iwillthenanalyzethetext'sdiversepraxisandshowthatachievingdivinityandimmortalityispossiblepreciselyduetothepresenceofthedivineandimmortalselfwithinone'sbodyandcanbeachievedonlybypracticeswhichinvolvenurturingthisimmortalself,theVermilionChild,withqi.
YanLiu,UniversityofMichigan,AnnArbor(CenterforChineseStudies,MA)BeyondBorders:TextualRepresentationofYiandWuinEarlyChinaThepaperinterrogatesthemeaningsofyi(physicians)andwu(spiritmediums/shamans)aswellastheirintricaterelationshipatthesiteoftextualrepresentation,whichallowstheauthortotranscendthebinarydivisionofthemandidentifytheirdiversifiedandfluidmeanings.
Ontheonehand,yiandwushareoverlappingdomainswheretheyinteract.
Bothofthemparticipateincuringillnesses,andadivinatoryactivityconstitutesanimportantpartoftheirpractice.
Ontheotherhand,thedifferencesbetweentheirapproachesaremanifest:ifyiareengagedinmundaneactivitiesofusingmedicaltechniquestotreatillnesses,wudevelopthespecialpowertocommunicatewiththeSpiritsthroughritualperformance.
Furthermore,itisevidentthattherepresentationofyiandwuinancientChineserecordsisunbalanced;yigainmoreattentionthanwu.
ThedifferentsentimentstowardsyiandwubecomemoreprominentduringtheHantime(2ndcenturyBCE-2ndcenturyCE),whenweseeamarkedmarginalizationanddeprecationofwuinthetextevenifthepopularityandeffectivenessoftheirpracticecannotbeeasilyignored.
Thepapersuggeststhattheartificialborderconstructedbetweenyiandwuprovidesameansfortheformertopromotetheirownlegitimacy.
Inalargerperspective,thedeliberateborderconstructionbetweenyiandwuinthetextdemonstratesthatinsteadofservingasatransparenttranscriptionofanobjectivereality,historicalwritingsbecomeasiteofactiveproductionofmeaningsandboundariesthatcreatetheirownhistoricity.
PauliWai,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley(EastAsianLanguagesandCultures,PhD)OmenologyandHistoriographyinShiji's史記史記史記史記"TreatiseonCelestialOffices"(Tianguanshu天官書天官書天官書天官書)Iwilldiscusstheissuesofomenologyandhistoriographyentwinedin"TheTreatiseonCelestialOffices天官書"inSimaQian'sRecordsoftheGrandHistorian(104-87BCE).
MytalkaddressescelestialbordersdemarcatedassuchbyearlyChineseconceptionsofthesky.
TheTreatiseorganizesthepathwaysofastralbodiesintoacosmologicalframeworkpresumed,byearlyChinesethinkers,toyieldknowledgeapplicabletopoliticalgovernance.
However,whatoccursif,astheTreatiseconsistentlydemonstrates,heavenlybodiesgoonerraticcoursesasoftenastheyabideby"constant"principlesDoesknowledgeaboutthecelestialcosmosloseitscoherenceifstars,planets,andmeteorstransgresseachother'srealmsofoperationWhatarethehumanimplicationsofheavenfallingintoirregularpatternsAsthecourtastronomer,SimaQianarguesagainstanuncriticalacceptanceofatypicalcelestial"border-crossings"asprescriptiveomens.
Ratherthanseekingtocontainthepotentialmeaningoftroublingcases,SimaQianpracticesakindofhermeneuticsthatbasesavigilantsensitivitytooutermanifestations(naturalphenomenaandevents)onadeepattentivenesstoinnerconditions(theking'smotivationsandintentions).
ThusforSimaQian,thediscourseofkingshipshouldgrowoutofanexaminationofhumancharacter,will,andactionaswell.
IwillcloselyreadapairofparallelpassagesinwhichthehistoriansSimaQian(ca.
145-86BCE)andBanGu(32-92CE)treatthesamesetofhighlyirregularcelestialevents,tobetterhighlighttheirdivergentreadingstrategies.
-36-EDOANDMEIJINATIONALIDENTITYJamesHommes,UniversityofPittsburghReganMurphy,HarvardUniversitySeanO'Reilly,HarvardUniversityDISCUSSANT:AndrewGordon,LeeandJulietFolgerFundProfessorofHistory,DepartmentofHistory,HarvardUniversityJamesHommes,UniversityofPittsburgh(History,PhD)TheBanshoShirabesho蕃書調所蕃書調所蕃書調所蕃書調所:ABridgeBetweenTokugawaandMeijiJapanInthispresentationIwilldescribetheroleoftheBanshoShirabeshointhelargerdevelopmentofDutchStudies,orrangaku蘭学andWesternStudies(yōgaku洋学)inthelateTokugawa,orBakumatsu,period.
IwillfirstshowhowtheShirabeshowaspartlyaresultofseveraldecadesofcallsforreforminWesternstudies,whichhadbeensilencedbystrictbakufucontroloverrangakuscholars,butwasbroughttotheforeagainwhenCommodorePerryopenedJapan'sborderstotheWeststartingin1854.
IwillfocusontheestablishmentoftheShirabesho,itsprimaryfunctions,andtheworkandlegacyofthescholarsandstudentsattheShirabesho(anditssuccessorin1863,theKaiseijo(開成所"InstituteforDevelopment").
Lastly,IwillevaluatethesignificanceoftheShirabeshointhedevelopmentofmodernJapantodemonstratethatnotonlywasitabridgebetweentheeducationalinstitutionsinTokugawaandMeijiJapan,butitalsohelpedtrainmanypeoplewhobecameprominentintheMeijiRestoration.
Inaddition,scholarsfromtheseinstitutionsweresomeofthefirststudentstocrossthebordersofa"closed"JapanandstudyintheWest.
ThoughtheseinstitutionwerethedirectancestorsofoneofthetwofoundinginstitutionsoftheUniversityofTokyo(foundedin1877),comparativelylittlehasbeenwrittenabouttheminEnglish.
Undoubtedly,thesetransitionalinstitutionswerecrucialinstartingtobuildabridgebetweenJapanandtheWestandinfindingconnectionsbetweenthepoliciesoftheTokugawaandMeijigovernments.
ReganMurphy,HarvardUniversity(ComitteeontheStudyofReligion,PhD)DividingFormfromContent:BuddhistCognitiveStrategiesinEarlyNativismBuddhism,introducedtoJapaninthesixthcentury,cametopermeateallaspectsofJapaneseculture,includingart,literature,andgovernance.
However,intheearlymodernperiod,amovement(kokugaku)arosethataimedtodrawastarklinebetweenthe"foreign"andthe"native.
"Castasforeign,Buddhistcosmology,priests,andinstitutionswerevigorouslyattacked.
Theboldandunequivocaldistinctionsbetweentheforeignandthenativefoundinnativistrhetorichave,inturn,greatlyinfluencedmodernscholarshiponearlymodernintellectualandreligioushistory.
ThistalkwillchallengetheassumptionofanabsolutedividebetweenBuddhismandnativismandshowthatEsotericBuddhistconceptualframeworksandcognitivetoolsinfactplayedakeyroleinthearticulationofwhatcametobeconsidereddistinctlynative.
Thepaperlooksattheinterplaybetweenlanguage,ritualandhistoryinthethediscussionoflanguageinaworkbytheearly"nativist,"theEsotericBuddhistscholar-monk,Keichu(1640-1701).
ByfocusingonthecognitivestrategiesthatKeichuemployedinhisrevolutionarystudiesoftheearliestnativewritings,thispaperblursthelinebetweenBuddhismandnativism.
IthonesinonconcernssharedbyBuddhistsandnativists.
Asthebordersbetweenthesetwobecomemorepermeable,spaceisopenedupforfutureinterdisciplinaryresearchonthetransformationofritualinearlymodernJapan.
-37-SeanO'Reilly,HarvardUniversity(RegionalStudies-EastAsia,AM)BreakingBorders,BridgingChange:TheEnduringLegendofJapan'sGreatNationalistHero,YoshidaShōinThispaperaddressestheprocessbywhichaconsistentfailure,YoshidaShōin,wastransformedintheconsciousnessoftheJapanesepopulaceintonotjustaskilledpoetandaflamboyantfreethinkerbutawise,paternalleaderoftheMeijiRestoration,amartyroftheImperialcause,andeventually,thepatrongodofstudyinYamaguchi.
When,howandwhydidsuchatransformationoccurThelegendsthatbegantocoalescearoundYoshidaonlysolidifiedwiththepublicationofahigh-profilebiographyinDecemberof1888,almost30yearsafterhisdeath.
Intheprocess,theybridgethegapbetweenthebakumatsuandtheMeijieras,andliftupYoshidaasabridgingfigurehimself,whosurvivedsymbolicallyintheinfluencehehadoverhisstudents,manyofwhombecameprominentbureaucratsintheMeijistate.
Althoughinitialaccountsofhislifelocatedhimfirmlyinthebakumatsuperiod,themythologyaroundhimwasgraduallyreshapedtomakehimatransitional,visionaryfigurewhoinfactwasoftenreferencedasthepreeminentexampleofpatrioticmartyrdom(despitethefactthatthisisadrasticdistortionofthecircumstancesofhisdeath)inthepre-andinter-waryears(1931-1945),duringwhichtherewasanexplosioninpublicationsabouthim.
Inshort,YoshidaShōinwastransformedintoanationalhero,afigurewhostraddledoneofthemostimportanttransitionsinJapanesehistory:theendofthebakufu,theoldorder,andthebeginningofMeiji,thenew.
WWW.
IDENTITY.
CNHongweiBao,TheUniversityofSydneyElizabethParke,UniversityofTorontoGrahamWebster,HarvardUniversityYiXing,UniversityofSouthernCaliforniaDISCUSSANT:MichelHockx,ProfessorofChinese,DepartmentoftheLanguagesandCulturesofChinaandInnerAsia,SOAS,UniversityofLondon;VisitingProfessor,EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversity(Spring2009)HongweiBao,TheUniversityofSydney(AsianStudies,PhD)TravellingSexualities:Subversion,HegemonyandAmbivalencesintheCulturalTranslationofTongzhiInthispaper,Ifocusonthetermtongzhi,whichisliterallytranslatedas'comrade'andwhichhasjustacquireditssexualconnotationas'queer'inChineselanguageinthepastdecade.
IwillexaminethesemanticchangeandculturalimplicationsoftheterminmainlandChina.
Inparticular,IwillinterrogatehowitisdifferentfromitssiteoforigininHongKongandwhatmighthavehappenedintheprocessofthe'culturaltranslation.
'Iarguethattongzhi,bothasasignifierandasignified,isnotonlysubversivebutalsohegemonic.
Besides,itissubjecttoundecidability,ambivalencesandslippages.
Thesubversion,hegemonyandambivalencesmanifesttheagencyofcultures,andtheinstabilityandsubversivenatureofqueerness.
-38-ElizabethParke,UniversityofToronto(FineArt,PhD)BoundariesoftheReal/BordersoftheVirtualTrendsinglobalizationhaveledtoextremechangesinflowsofcommodities,labor,andcapital.
ThesechangesandmarketforcesarebeingplayedoutintheurbanscapesofglobalcitiessuchasBeijing,ShanghaiandHongKong.
ThisprojectissituatedbetweenthepoliticsofglobalizationwithinChinesecitiesandtheartiststhatemployurbanitytoconveytheirideas.
ThispaperdrawsuponavarietyofmethodologiesfromArtHistory,UrbanPlanning,andVisualCulture,andithighlightstheconnectionsbetweenthesefieldsofstudy.
Therefore,IintendtoexploretheslippagebetweennewmediasuchasSecondLife(SL),anonlineuser-builtmeta-verse,andcontemporaryconstructionsofChinesecities.
CaoFei,ayoungfemaleartist,employsSLtocreateadialoguearoundtheboundariesbetweenfantasyandrealitywithinthecontextofurbanspaces.
InherprojecttitledRMBCity,CaoFeiinvestigatestheedgesbetweentherealandtheimaged.
UsingRMBCityasacaseinpoint,Iarguethatvirtualspacesinteractandinfluencethe"realworld"inconcreteandspecificways.
RMBCityprovidesafruitfulexampleoftwenty-firstcenturybordercrossing—thatofthevirtualandthereal.
GrahamWebster,HarvardUniversity(RegionalStudies-EastAsia,AM)DefinitionsandBoundariesofanOnlineChinesePublicSphereWhatkindofpublicsphereemergesthroughonlinecommunicationsinalanguagesharedbyseveralstatesandatransnationalpopulationThisisnotJürgenHabermas'nationally-boundedbourgeoispublicspheredevotedtorational-criticaldiscourseforapublicgood.
Insomeways,itisfarmoreexpansive.
ThemigrationofChinese-literatepeoplesacrossinternationalborders(andbeforecurrentbordersweredrawn)combineswiththeglobalnatureoftheInternettoproduceapublictouchingpartsofmanystates.
Inotherways,however,theonlineChinesepublicsphereisfarmorelimitedthanHabermas'ideal.
ThispaperestablishesthatdespiteHabermas'historicalspecificityinhisfoundationalstudy,thenotionofpublicandtheanalysisofdiscourseinpublicspacesisusefulinthestudyofChinaandcomparativepolitics.
Thespacesoftheonlinepublicsphereoverlap,anditspublicsexperiencedifferentlevelsofrestrictionsdependingonwhichonlinemediatheyuse.
Thesepublicspaces,however,areonlyavailabletoaportionofthepopulationofthePRCandthetransnationalChinesecommunity.
ThispaperexaminesboundariesoftheonlineChinesepublicsphereanditsinternaldivides,andproposesaframeworkforthestudyofbothChinesepublicsandonlinepublicsingeneral.
YiXing,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia(EastAsianStudiesCenter,MA)TheInvisibleHands:TheInternetinChinaandaRisingChineseCivilSocietyThisessay,byreviewingthedevelopmentofInternetinChinaandexaminingitssocialfunctions,triestodemonstratehowtheInternethasnurturedanincipientChinesecivilsocietyintheformofonlineactivism.
Theessayanalyzesthe"FakeTigerIncident"asacasestudyofhowcivicengagementsonBBSandonlineforumshaveprofoundlyinfluencedChina'ssocialandpoliticallandscape.
Duetoitstightphysicalcontrolofindividualsandmonopolyofmassmedia,theChinesegovernmentsucceededinsuffocatingtheriseofcivilsociety.
Lackingalternativesources,Chinesecitizens,wereonlyabletoaccessinformationpurifiedbythestate-runnewsagency,isolatedfromtheoutsideworldandalienatedfromtheircompatriotsinothersocialspheresandgeographicregions.
CivicengagementinChinawasweakandflaccidasordinarypeople'svoicesweresuppressedandnotavailabletoothers.
However,theintroductionofInternetmarkedaneweraofChinesecivilsociety.
Basedonitsworldwideconnectivity,theInternethasbrokenthetemporalandgeographiclimitationamongChineseInternetusers(netizens)byprovidingalargervolumeofinformationsharedbyanyoneaccessingit.
The"FakeTigerIncident"isanalyzedtoshowhowthe-39-InternethasmanagedtobridgetheconnectionamongChinesepeoplebyprovidingabrand-newcyberplatformwherenetizensfromdifferentsocialbackgroundscouldexpresstheiropinionsonpublicaffairs,findtheironlinepartnerssharingthesamevaluesorinterests,reachcollectivedecisions,andformstrongpopularpowertoapplypressureupongovernments'decision-makingtoprotecttheirinterests.
HISTORICALEXCHANGESBETWEENCHINAANDCHOSUNKOREAPo-yingChu,TheChineseUniversityofHongKongHansungKim,HarvardUniversityEunhaLee,KoreaUniversityJae-hoShin,UniversityofPennsylvaniaDISCUSSANT:SunJooKim,ProfessorofKoreanHistory,DepartmentofEastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,HarvardUniversityPo-yingChu,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong(ChineseLanguageandLiterature,PhD)DifferencesinAttitudetowardsDuFu'sPoetrybetweenChineseandKoreanLiteratiThoughterritoriallydivided,ChinaandKoreamanagedtomaintainbridgesofcommunicationthroughtheirstudyofChinesepoetry.
YanYu's(circa12thcentury)Cang-Lang'sRemarksonPoetryhailedDuFuastheepitomeofTangPoetry.
YiSu-gwang's(1563-1628)Chi-Bong'sJottings,originatedfromKorea,ontheotherhand,didnothesitatetocriticizeDuFudirectlyforhisuseofinappropriateallusionsandrecordinghistoryinpoetry.
Interestingly,bothworksreflectasimilaradmirationforTangpoetrywhiledegradingSongpoetryforthereasonthatSongpoetryresortstoallusionsandarguments.
YiSu-gwanginhisChi-Bong'sJottingscriticizedthepoetryofDuFu,whowascloselyrelatedtoSong-styledpoetry,whenheencounteredDuFu'sSong-styledpoems.
WhereasYanYuinCang-Lang'sRemarksonPoetrywentontodenyDuFu'saffiliationwithSongpoetry.
Throughacross-culturalcomparisonbetweenthetwoliterarycriticisms,thispaperattemptstohighlightnotonlythedifferentattitudestowardsDuFu'spoetryasshowninCang-Lang'sRemarksonPoetryandChi-Bong'sJottings,butalsothephenomenaladorationofDuFuamongChineseliteratioftheSongDynasty.
ThecommentsfromChi-Bong'sJottings,arepresentativeworkofpoetrycriticismbyKoreanliterati,willthusaidinremovingthemistoftraditional"bias"onthepartoftheChinese,andcontributetonewperspectivesandunderstandingsregardingDuFu'spoetry.
HansungKim,HarvardUniversity(RegionalStudies-EastAsia,AM)HongTaeyong'sTamhnsandlbyngynhaengnok:AStudyofLiteraryReadershipinDiglossicKoreaInImperialEyes,MaryLouisePrattexplainsencountersbetweentwoculturesascontactzones,"socialspaceswheredisparateculturesmeet,clash,andgrapplewitheachother,ofteninhighlyasymmetricalrelationsofdominationandsubordination-likecolonialism,slavery,ortheiraftermaths.
"Ibelievethatherterm,contactzone,isusefultoexplainculturalencountersinpremodernKoreantexts.
TaeyoungHong'straveloguelbyngynhaengnok(Travelogue:Yenching)in1765,writteninbothKoreanvernacularandChinese,describesculturalencountersbetweenEarlyKoreaandQingDynastyChina,andbetweenEarlyKoreansocietyandWesternJesuitculture.
IntermsoftheencounterbetweenEarlyKoreaandChina,HongonlycommunicateswithHanChinesescholars,whorepresenttheculturalsuperiorityovertheManchurianregime:theybelievethatKoreabecameheirtoChineseConfucianismafterthecollapseoftheMingdynasty.
InanotherdescriptionofanencounterbetweenEarlyKoreaandtheWest,Hongtriestolearn-40-Westernscienceandtechnology,despitehisdisdainforCatholicism.
The"contactzones"herearecomplex.
InpartbecauseofhisConfucianism,HongarticulatesasenseofculturalsuperiorityoverbothQingandWesternsociety.
TaejunKimhascalledHong'swriting"asuggestionofnewvisionofallofEastAsianhistorybyaKorean.
"Thetextcanalsobeseenasdesirousofachievingliterarycapital,aninterpretationPascaleCasanovaprovidesinTheWorldRepublicofLetters.
ThispaperwillexaminethecontactzonesdescribedinHong'stravelogue,askinghowheisinteractingwithothercultures.
Then,Iwillinvestigatewhyhepublishedthesamecontentwithtwodifferentlanguages.
WithwhomdoeshewantcommunicatebyeachChineseandKoreantextUltimately,myprojectisinterestedintheideaoftransculturalismbyunderstandingadifferentreadership,anotionwhichfarpredates(post)colonialstudiesandtheriseofcomparativeliterature.
EunhaLee,KoreaUniversity(ArtHistory,PhD)CharacteristicsoftheKoryoDynasty(高麗時代高麗時代高麗時代高麗時代)FlowerandBirdPaintings(花鳥畫花鳥畫花鳥畫花鳥畫):IntheLightofInfluencesoftheChineseBirdandFlowerPaintingsThispaperaimstoexaminehowthebirdandflowerpaintingsoftheFiveDynastyEraandSongDynastyofChina,andthoseofKoryoDynastyofKoreainteractedwitheachother.
BirdsandflowersfirststartedtoberecognizedasanindependentthemeforpaintingsfromtheFiveDynastyErainChinaandtheKoryoDynastyErainKorea.
Byexamininghowthebirdandflowerpaintingsofthetwocountriesintheperiodwereinfluencedbyeachother,onecanhaveabetterunderstandingonthedevelopmentoftheearlystagebirdandflowerpaintingsofEastAsia.
InKoryoDynastyofKorea,manyChinese-influencedartworksandarttheorieswereproducedasaresultoffrequentpoliticalandculturalinterchanges.
ThebirdandflowerpaintingsofKoryoDynastywerenotanexceptionalcase.
Theresearchwillbelimitedtoexaminationsoftextsandofthepatternsofartifacts,suchasKoryoceladonssincetherearealimitednumberofextantKoryoDynastypaintingsavailabletoday.
TherearetextualevidencesfrombothcountriestoshowthattherewereinterchangesintheBirdandFlowerPaintingsofthetwocountries.
Also,thereareremainingmid-KoryoDynastyceramicandbronzebottleswithsimilarpatternswiththoseoftheFiveDynastyandSongDynastybirdandflowerpaintings.
Thispaperisprimafacieastudyofhistoryofarts,butIhopeitwillbroadenourunderstandingsonthehistoryofinterchangesoftheculturesandideasofKoreaandChina.
Jae-hoShin,UniversityofPennsylvania(EastAsianLanguagesandCivilizations,PhD)SilverfromKoreaintheSixteenthCenturyChina:HypothesisThispaperisontheborder-crossingcirculationofsilver,whichwaseitherproducedinKoreaorjustpassedthroughtheKoreanPeninsula,anditshistoricalgravityinthehistoryofChinesesilvereconomyintheearlysixteenthcentury.
TheperiodofsilverflowfromKoreatoChinaisdividedintothreephases.
First,thediscoveryofthecupellationtechniquein1503resurrectedsilvermininginKoreaandenabledagreatamountofKoreansilvertoflowviaLiaodongintomainlandChina.
Thesecondstagewasfrom1538to1544.
ThankstotheintroductionofthetechnicalinnovationintoJapanandthediscoveryofIwamimine,JapanesesilversoonrushedtoKoreaandthenwasre-exportedtoChinabyKoreanenvoystoChinaandtheirattendants.
Last,theprosperityofthemaritimeroutecrossingtheEastChinaSeaafterthemid-1540scharacterizesthethirdphase.
NowJapanesesilverbegantoinundateChinathroughthesouthernroutedwarfingthenorthernone,whileKoreacametoloseitspreviousroleasasilversupplier.
Insum,thesilverimportedfromKoreaduringtheearlysixteenthcenturymayberegardedasa"missinglink"intheformationofChinesesilvereconomybetweenthedecreasingdomesticsilverproductioninthefifteenthcenturyandthewell-knownsilverinfluxfromJapanandAmericaafterthemid-sixteenthcentury.
Atthesametime,thesilvertradewhichexploitedtheofficialtributarysystemclarifiestheporousnessoftheseeminglyimpenetrablebordersinthesixteenthcenturyEastAsianworld.