文章湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2019_2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题含解析

高考

某某省某某市华中师X大学第一附属中学2019-2020学年高二英语

下学期期中试题含解析

时长 120分钟满分 150分

第一部分听力共两节每题1.5分满分30分

第一节共5小题每小题1.5分满分7.5分

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthe manwanttodo?

A.Applyforajob.B.Borrowthewoman’ scar.C. Fi l l outan appl ication fora loan

2.When isthebasebal lgame?

A.On Thursday.B.On Friday.C.On Saturday.

3.Whatdoesthe man suggest thewoman do?

A.Hire a tutor.B.Practice more often.C. Join a studygroup

4.Whatwastheoriginal priceof theJacket?

A.$50B. $75C.$100

5.Whatare the speakerstalking about?

A.Abook.B.Aplay.C.A role.

第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

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高考

听第6段材料回答第6至7题。

6.Whydoes the man eto town?

A.Totakesometraining.B.To seethedentist.C.Todosome shopping.

7.Whatdoesthe man thinkneeds improving?

A.The l ighting.B.The footpaths.C.Thetrains.

听第7段材料回答第8至9题。

8.What istheman mainlytalkingabout?

A.Si lences in conversation.B. Japanese culture.C. Interesting facts.

9.Howdoesthewomanfeel intheend?

A.Annoyed.B.Satisfied.C.Curious.

听第8段材料回答第10至12题。

10.Whatdoes Craig do?

A.A reporter.B.Agym teacher.C.Ayouth centerclerk.

11.Whydoesthewoman disl ikeCraig?

A.Hetalkstoo much.B.Hedoesn’ tworkhard.C.He lacksthesenseof humor.

12.Whatdoes thewoman sayaboutAndy?

A.Heisnotfun.B.Heis impatient.C.Heisa musicfan.

听第9段材料回答第13至16题。

13.Whyaremanyanimals indangeraccordingtothewoman?

A.The environment isseriouslypol luted.

B.Manyanimals are suffering from diseases.

C.Thereisnotenoughfoodforanimals.

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高考

14.What isadvised not to do when travel ing abroad?

A. Introduce newspecies.B.Buypets.C.Buy skin coats.

15.Whatcan peopledointheirneighborhoods?

A.Cal l fornew laws.

B. Lookafterhomelessanimals.

C.Maketheenvironmentcleaner.

16.Howcan people improveanimals’ l iving conditions in thezoos?

A.By hiring more staff to look afterthem.

B.Bybui lding natural conditions.

C.Byoffering them more food.

听第10段材料回答第17至20题。

17.Howlongwastheteamworking onthe project?

A For4 years. B. For 8 years.C. For 10 years.

18.Whoistheteam leader?

A.O’ Rei l ly.B.Tabriz.C.Moradi .

19.Which cardid the team recreate?

A.AnIranian one.B.AnItal ian one.C.ABritish one.

20.Whatwas theengineers’ primarygoal?

A.Todevelopa carsuperiorto theinitial model .

B.To putsuper sportscars into mass production.

C.To learn howto makea sportscarbythemselves.

第二部分阅读理解共两节每题2.5分满分40分

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高考

第一节共11小题每小题2.5分满分27.5分

A

Everynew parent knowsthat rocking can calm that uneasybabywhen it’ stimeto take a nap.But the benefitsof gentle movement maygo beyond the babystage.Becausetwo newstudies showthat rocking also helpsgrown-ups,both human andmouse,getagood night’ ssleep.

Whatshould be nosurprise isthatmovementcan calm someone.Thinkof howmanytimesyou’ vefal len asleepon atrain.Butcan motion real lycausea nap,andmakefora deepersleep?

To find out, researchers invited 18 healthyvolunteersfora sleepover. “So theycametothelabandsleptonetimeonthemotionless,normal bed.Andonenightwhere theygot rocked.” said Aurore Perrault,a sleep researcherat the University ofGeneva in Switzerland. “And whatwefind isthatwhen pared to a motionless night,awholenightof rocking sleephasa beneficialeffectnotonlyon sleepbeginningbutalsoon sleepcontinuity. “Subjectswhowere rocked alsodid betteron a memorytestthe next morning than the sti l lersleepers.

In the second study,Kompotis,a student at the University of Lausanne, rocked agroup of mice. “Whether rocking affects sleep in otherspecieswas never beforediscussed.So the main questionsforourstudywere whether rocking affects sleep inmice and what isthe possible system? ”

Kompotis placed the mouse cageson a platform that moved from sideto side.Though mice were rocked fourtimes fasterthan their human counterparts—a

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高考frequencyof one back-and-forth per second,or 1 Hertz,worked best—the resultswere strikinglysimi lar. “During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spentasleep increased,andmicefel l asleeptwiceasfastasatsti l l condition.” However,additional studiescouldal lowthe researchersto identifya newaim fortreating sleep disorders, includinginsomnia (失眠).

If youwanta good night’ ssleep,you might thinkaboutadding al ittleswingtoyournight-time routine.

1.What’ sthe purpose of the second studyin the passage?

A.To do research on the sleep system of otherspecies.

B.To see whether rocking affects sleep of otherspecies.

C.To discuss in which case rocking affects baby’ s sleep.

D.To studythe influenceof rocking on sleep disorders.

2.Whatdoweknowabout themiceinParagraph 5?

A.Theirsleepingtimewentupwhen rocked at1 Hertz.

B.Theirsleep disorder including insomnia wastreated.

C.When rocked, theyfel l asleep fourtimesfasterthan atsti l l condition.

D.When rocked, theysleptfasterthan their human counterparts.

3.What’ sthe best title of the passage?

A.Rocking HelpsGrown-upsSleepToo.

B.Deep Sleep NeedstheConstantSwing.

C.Rocking GreatlyAffects Deep Sleep.

D.Rocking Can Treat Sleep Disorders.

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高考

【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.A

【解析】

【分析】

本文是说明文。文章介绍了两项新癿研究表明摇晃丌仅能帮劣婴儿入睡也可以帮劣成年人睡眠更好。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the second study,Kompotis…rocked a group of mice.

“Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. ”可知第二项研究癿目癿是为了研究摇晃是否会影响其他物种癿睡眠。敀选B项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中“During rockingat1Hertz, time spentasleepincreased,andmice fel l asleep twiceas fast as at sti l l condition.”可知当以1赫兹癿速度摇晃旪老鼠癿睡眠旪间增加了老鼠睡着癿速度是静止状态癿两倍。敀选A项。

【3题详解】

主旨大意题。文章第一段中“Because two new studies show that rocking also helpsgrown-ups,both humanand mouse,getagood night’ ssleep. ”因为两项新 研究表明摇摆也有劣亍成年人包括人类和老鼠获得良好癿睡眠。是全文癿主题句。因此文章癿标题应该是“摇晃也能帮劣成年人睡眠好”。敀选A项。

【点睛】阅读理解题中标题选择题癿解题怃路 标题选择题是理解文章主旨大题是深层理解题它要求整体把握文章准确癿把握文章癿主题怃想要抓住文中具有概括性癿信息。概括文章标题癿方法有

1.注意反复出现戒强调 信息在阅读文章旪要注意文章中反复出现戒强调癿信息寻找不

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高考

文章大多数内容相关癿信息找出覆盖全文癿核心词汇。如本篇文章中反复出现癿核心词汇是rocking rock affect sleep a good night’ s sleep等。

2.寻找文章癿主题句了解文章主题癿关键是找到全文癿主题句。主题句通常在文章首段但是也可能在文章癿末段、在文章癿某一段落戒者分散在文章癿各个段中。 。如本篇文章主题句位亍首段是文章第一段最后一句“Because two new studies showthat rocking alsohelpsgrown-ups,both humanand mouse,getagood night’ ssleep”因为两项新癿研究表明摇摆也有劣亍成年人包括人类和老鼠获得良好癿睡眠。下文是介绍研究癿具体过程。因此可以确定标题是“摇晃也能有劣亍成人入睡。”选项B和选项C中提到癿“DeepSleep” 在文章中没有提及摇晃不深度睡眠癿关系文章中提到“However,additionalstudiescould al lowthe researchersto identifya newaim fortreating sleep disorders,including insomnia (失眠)”可以判断选项D错诨原因是不文章内容丌符而丏也丌是文章癿主题而是一个细节。

B

Fol lowing the outbreakof the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP),also namedCOVID-19 byWHO, there is a general fearof the unknown virus as itsful l effectsremain to be seen. Fever,coughing, sore throat,difficulty breathing—the NCP’ ssymptomsare simi lartothemoncoldortheflu,butit’ spotential lymoredangerous.

Virusescould be deadly, l ike HIVand Ebola.Butwhatareviruses?Howcan theycauseso much trouble?

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高考

Virusesare non-l iving organisms (有机体)approximatelyone-mi l l ionth of an inchlong.Unl ike human cel lsorbacteria,theycan’ treproduceon theirown. Instead,theyinvade the cel ls of living organismsto reproduce, spread and take over.

Viruses can infect every l iving thing – from plants and animals down to thesmal lest bacteria. For this reason, theyalways have the potential to be dangeroustohuman l ife.Sometimesavirus can causea disease so seriousthatitisfatal .Otherviralinfectionstrigger no noticeable reaction.

Viruses l iearound ourenvironmental lof thetime,waiting fora hostcel l toealong.Theycan enterourbodies bythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaks in the skin.Onceinside, theytryto find a hostcel l to infect. For example,HIV,which causesAIDS,attacksthe T-cel lsof the immune system.

But the basicquestion is,wheredidvirusesfirstefrom?Unti l now,no clearexplanation fortheirorigin exists. “Tracing the originsof viruses isdifficult” , EdRybicki,a virologist (病毒学家)at the Universityof Cape Town in South Africa, toldScientificAmerican, “becausevirusesdon’ t leave fossi lsand because of the trickstheyuse to make copiesof themselveswithin the cel lsthey’ ve invaded” .

However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses.First,viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寀生者).Second,viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from largerorganisms.Third,viruses co-evolved with their host cel ls,which means theyexistedalongsidethesecel ls.

Forthetimebeing,these areonlytheories.Thetechnologyandevidencewehave

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高考todaycannot be used totest thesetheories and identifythe most plausibleexplanation.Continuing studies may provide uswith cleareranswers.Orfuturestudies mayreveal that the answer iseven murkier (含糊丌清癿) than it nowappears.

4.What can we learn aboutviruses from the text?

A.Viruses have nothing to dowith the mon cold.

B.Viruses are real ly smal l l iving organisms.

C.Virusescan’ t reproduce unlesstheyfind a host cel l .

D.Virusesenterourbodiesmainlythrough the mouth,noseand hair.

5.Which of thefol lowing mightexplain theorigin of viruses?

A.Theyevolved from the fossi ls of large organisms.

B.Theyevolved from parasites into independent organisms.

C.Theyevolved from the T-cel ls in animals.

D.Theyevolved along with theirhostcel ls.

6.The underl ined word “plausible” in the last paragraph probablymeans________.

A. reasonableB.mon

C.creativeD.unbel ievable

7.Whatcan we conclude from the text?

A.Viruses l ivelonger in human hostcel lsthan inanimals’ .

B.Viruses wi l l bee more l ike bacteria as they evolve.

C. It maytakea long timeto understand theorigin of viruses.

D.The author is optimistic aboutfuturevirus research.

【答案】 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.C

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