短文最新最全面初中小升初英语首字母填空讲练100篇（精华版）

如何突破英语首字母填空

首字母填空是小升初考试中常考的题型之一也是近几年各省、市中考题经常采用的题型之一这种题难度相对较大考生失分现象严重。下面就讲一讲做这类题的方法与技巧。

首字母填空属于能力测试的范畴它能全面考查学生的英语水平。这类测试要求学生不

仅要具备一定的词汇量、句型和语法等方面的知识还要求学生有一定的阅读能力能灵活运用所掌握的语言知识去分析语篇。常用的答题技巧如下

1.通读全文掌握大意每篇短文必然是有逻辑性的短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼

后应。因此通读全文

是必要的 目的是对文章有个全面的了解弄清其中心思想和大意。反之只在一点、一处做文章的话会导致断章取义。但我们要注意通读全文只要能了解短文的大意即可细节不理解可以跳过切忌逐字逐句的反复细读。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头一般不设空和结尾它们能提供主要的信息帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。

2.认真分析巧填单词

我们在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文 目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。要想填出每个空的单词我们要注意以下方面

 1 依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词如 W hishelp, theoldmanwassafe.The boy thanked him very much. 从句意我们就知道是 “在他的帮助下” with hishelp.

 2依据语法知识进行填词如 Itwasal earl ier. 从句中的earl ier可以看出它是比较级 我们应该会想到修饰形容词比较级有哪些词 前面有a,那肯定就是l ittle.

3 依据常识的积累进行填词如 But it was too late.His friend w as very angry.Mr.White said nothing but only one word “S . ” Mr.White迟到了他的朋友很据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉

4依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词如 One Sunday afternoon,Mr.White drove hisnewcar to hisfriend ’ s house happi ly.He wanted to p hisfriend up at fiveand then went to see a new movie together. 根据句意 Mr.White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家然后一起去看电影 我们可以进行逻辑推理 他肯定是去接他的朋友 所以填pick.★上面所说的四个方面我们在填词时一定要注意上、下文的关系这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外要学会跳读 即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。我们在有困难的填空中可以尝试口头翻译句子的意思把

它前后的句子的意思联系一起而且翻译的时候尽量是有声的我们尽量通过不同的途径来刺激大脑的运转。

3.细心检查避免疏漏完成填空以后最关键的一点是要细心检查每一个填空处是否有笔

误或是疏漏的地方。有些

考生为自己全部填出了答案而沾沾自喜根本没想到不是缺了一个 “ ’少了” “s”就是忘了加“-ed”这是很可惜的。因为他理解了意思、看懂了题目但因粗心而 “大意失荆州”。细心检查反复回读就能减少疏漏提高做题的正确率。

如何做好首字母填空题

首字母填空类短文题是近几年中考试题经常采用的题型之一 因为它有非常好的信度和效度又能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。这种题型属于能力测试的范畴它考查的范围极广可以是英语知识的方方面面还可能涉及其它学科。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来并且单词形式合理符合语法规范符合短文需要。这种试题的首字母已给所填的就必须是该字母开头的单词。这既是一种限制又是一种提示。

可是这种题型因难度相对较大考生失分现象比较严重。学生要仔细阅读全文利用上下文提供的有关信息再仔细阅读相关句子判断所缺单词的句子成分才能完成练习。完型填空式中考试卷中最难的题型 最能测量考生实际运用语言的能力。 要做好此类题目考生不但要有较强的语感善于体会上下文的内在联系而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。

考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。

首字母填空特点及中考趋势

1) 首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确 又要使其符合短文

内容与情景的需要 所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。 它不仅考查学

生在词汇、语法等方面的基础知识还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。

2) 从近几年的考题来看 短文填空题所考查的单词涉及的词性范围较广 几乎涉及到

了十大词类文中所涉及的语言知识面较宽学生需运用已学过的词法、句法及常

用词组、短语、惯用法等知识进行具体分析后再答题有一定的难度。文章短小、

精致字数通常在100150之间。短文的体裁不一有记叙文、说明文、议论文

等。短文题材丰富 内容通俗易懂与现代生活紧密相关如英国人分期付款购

房度假回来的路上买家具的小故事食物对不同年龄段的人的不同影响被驯化

的动物可以为人们做事情等可读性、趣味性强符合初中生的认知特点。

首字母填空的解题方法和技巧

短文填空题失分率较高其原因也是较多的。有些同学或急于求成或过于自信或

为节省时间在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。殊不知这样做会适得其反达不到良好的效

果。因此 了解和掌握正确的解题方法和技巧是十分必要的。

通读全文 了解大意

短文中虽有一些词未知但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中可以跳

过空格尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息 以及语法结构方面的提示有助于下一步

的分析与判断。

再读全文理清脉络通读全文、掌握大意后还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读从文意中

找出句与文、句与

句、词与句、词与词之间的关系尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系用已知

信息去获取未知信息 以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中 同学们可以把有把握的词

先填好逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。 仔细推

敲确保准确

词义判断正确了不等于答题正确 同学们还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑

答案的准确性。有的学生经过思考确定了一个意思正确的词作为答案但忽略了从语

法角度再进行验证 因而出现了一些与时态、人称等有关的词形变化的错误。如果填

的词是名词首先要考虑到单、复数的问题如果是动词要考虑应使用什么时态和

语态。

注意填入的词既能使句意通顺又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。如 bought易误答

成buy l ights易误答成l ight  reaches易误答成reach;heavier易误答成heavy等。

因

此在初步确定答案后一定还要反复考虑仔细推敲确保用词准确复读全文

全面检查答题完毕后复读全文进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后一定要认真检

查尽量减

少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误对有疑问的地方更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结

构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌这样才能尽量避免失分。

专项题型解析

Dogs are good pets.They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful .Mostdogs get on very wel l with c 2 and their parents.Others are good watch-dogsbecause they cry loudly when a s 3 arrives.

When you buy a dog,an important thing to think about is its s 4 ——buyasmal l dog if yourhome is smal l and abiggerone if y 5 is larger.Manypeopledon’ t know how much to feed their dogs.Dogs eat a 6 anything!They l ike meat,

rice and lots of other things.You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops.Don’ tlet yourdogs eat too much.Feed it only once a day.Always l 8 water foryour dog. It can get thirsty very quickly,especial ly in s 9 .

Remember that dogs need e 10 .You should take it for a walk every day.

Don ’ t keep yourdog inside al l day.

答案及简析

1. friendly. 人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养主要是因为它们比较通人性且对人很友好能给人们带来欢乐。根据 “be veryf 1 to people ”来分析此空应填一个形容词表明狗对人的态度。 friend是名词 friendly是形容词故friendly是正确答案。

2.chi ldren. 宠物狗自然是在家中养 它们除了听主人的话以外与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。 由于是指大多数家庭的情况并受 their一词的提示此处应填 “孩子”的复数形式 即 chi ldren 。

3. stranger. 狗的天性是护家。文中的 watch-dogs 意为“看家狗”专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。 “生人”在英文中即为stranger 。

4.size. 这个空略微有点难。 一是size一词平时用得较少 二是一般家庭都养小型犬供狗活动的空间一般不成问题 因此对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看

此处是在谈狗的体积的问题——“如果你的家小就买一只小狗如果你的家大就买一只大狗。 ”

5. yours. 这是一个名词性物主代词代替上半句的 your home 。此句完整的说法应是buyasmal l dog if yourhome is smal l and buya biggerone if yourhome islarger.

为避免词的重复使用在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。 本文最

突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或两句话的内容是对所填

词的内容进行补充说明的。因此在做这种类型的题时一定要注意分析上下文的内容

进行推理和归纳正确的理解句意最后决定出最佳的词及其正确形式。

巩固练习

There was an old man who loved money very much.He n 1 gave anything toanybody.After some years he became r 2 .

One day he was walking near the riverwith his friends when hefel l intothe river.

His friends ran to h elp him.One of them held out his hand and cried, “Give meyourhand, and I ’ l lp 3 you out  ”The rich m 4 head went down the watera 5 then came up again, but he did not g 6 his hand to his friend. Againanotherof his friends tried,but again the s 7 thing happened.

Then a 8 friend,Nasreddin,said, “Take my hand and I ’ l l pul l you out! ” Therich man took his hand and Nasreddin pul led him outof the water.

“You don’ t know your friend very w9 . ” Nasreddin said to the others. “Wyohuensay ‘Give ’ to him, hed 10 nothing,butwhen you say ‘Take’ he always takes. ”

答案与简析

守财奴闹出了笑话。文中谈了一次救人的过程解题时要根据当时的情况特别注

意“give和” “take的”妙用。

1 . never. 因为love money,所以他决不会 “给予”。 never意为“从不”。

2. rich. rich 是形容词作表语。 由于从不施舍几年后他就富有了。

3. pul l .pul l . . .out 意为“把 拉出来”。

4.man’ s. head 为名词要选用 man 的所有格形式。

5.and.and then. . . 意为“后来又 ” 。 and起并列作用。

6.g ive.g ive. . .to. . . 意为“把 给 ” 。

7.same. 句意为又发生了同样的情况。

8.another.another 表示不定指的 “又一个另一个”。

9.wel l .wel l 为副词 know wel l意思是“很了解”。

10.does. 这句话是引述原话 故用一般现在时。 do nothing表示“什么事都不干”。例题解析

A

Do you know the word “brunch” ? In the West,many people l ike to havebrunch—late(1)b orearly lunch.People often have brunch (2)b 10 a.m.and 2 p.m.on Sunday because they prefer to get up(3) l after a week's hardwork or want to enjoy brunch with their parents,or friends.That is a relaxing andinteresting(4)w of eating for most fami l ies.

Today, brunch has become(5)p in big hotels.One can (6)e ask foror cook it himself.To make it (7) l l ike both breakfast and lunch,people chooseto have lots of dishes.You may often see the fol lowing(8) f on the table,meat,eggs, fruit, (9)v ,orangejuice, tea and bacon.Do you have brunch at (10)w ?If not,why not try?

答案与解析3

这是一篇说明文文章介绍了近年来在西方流行的 brunch(早午餐)。 brunch 一词是由b reakfast 与lu n ch 中的字母b r和u n ch合在一起构成的。

1. breakfast, 由下句 “early lunch ”和前面的对应词 late可知 brunch 是比b reakfast 要晚而比l un ch要早。

2. between, 这里的between and 是固定搭配。

3. late, 根据句中的状语 “on Sunday”和“aftera week's hard work 可知”在周末由于人们都在家休息所以起床会较完。

4.way, 对大部分家庭来说这种 brun ch只是一种新的放松有趣的进餐方式。

5. popular, 目前在西方 brunch 已经成为一种时尚越来越受到人们的欢迎。

6.either, 这是一个等立连词 either or 意思是”或者 或者 ” 。

7. look, 由于bru nch介于breakfast 和l unch之间所以人们在做起 brunch 来既要像breakfast 又要像lunch 。 look l ike 的意思就是”看起来好像”。

8. fo o d, 根据下面所列举的内容可知答案。

9.vegetables, 英语中 以字母v开头的food 就是vegetables 了。

10.weekend, 根据文章的介绍 bru nch 是在周末人们所享用的进餐方式。

巩固练习

Most people have f a kite or have seen one rise and dip in the strong spring wind.

Not so many people know that kites were first made in China t of years ago.

The a Chinese were making flying kites even before they were writing.

A long time ago, the Chinese made kites to use in the wars.They would fly thesewar kites in the d .The kites were fixed so that they made strong sounds.Men whowere at war with them would hear these sounds and run away.They thought thosestrong sounds were m bygod in the sky.The ancient Chinese also flew kites tob good luckand to make their crops grow rich and tal l .Sometimes theytied longstrings and hooks to the kites.Then theyflythe kites o water letting the hookshang down to catch fish.

The Chinese use sticks,strings and paperfor their kites.Some of the kites lookl ike animals or trees.O look l ike birds orhouses.

首字母填空训练

(1 )

At different times in a man's l ife his food has different effects( 影响)on his body.Among chi ldren f 1 is quickly changed to the power(力量) to run and playgames.Most of a young man's food is spent on growing t 2 ;We grow upwardsonly d 3 the first twentyyears of our l 4 , not later.Working men get their

strong bodies from their food;and if they work h 5 , they do not get fat.Officeworkerseatwel l and s 6 down alot,and maybegin togrowfatwhen s 7quiteyoung.Manyolderpeoplet 8 toworkmuchandwalkoften.P 9 themost difficult time is when a man r 10 sixty years of age.His body and mind b1 1 restful ,without much work or interest.That is when food changes quickly to f

12 .

 1 1.food 2. tal l 3.during 4. l ives 5. hard 6.sit 7.sti l l 8. try 9.Perhaps 10. reaches

1 1. become 12. fat

(2)

Bats(蝙蝠)are the onlyflying"animals" in the world. It is k 1 to al l that theycannotseeverywel l . "As b 2 as a bat" is often heard.Yet, theyhave no t 3flying on the darkest nights and f 4 theirway round very wel l .Why can bats flyand see at night? They fly b 5 "radar(雷达)". The bat's radar w 6 thesameway as the radaron ships and planes.As a batfl ies t 7 the air, it makesa sound. If the sounds hit t 8 , theywi l l come backand the bat's ears wi l l r 9the message. In this way, the bat is a 10 to knowwhere thethings are.Bats goout forf 1 1 atnight. Inthedaytime, theyhanginsomed 12 places.

1.known 2. bl ind 3.trouble 4. finding 5.by 6.works

7. through 8.things 9. reaches 10.able 1 1. food 12.dark

3

Tennis is in its second l ife. Its first game b 1 in France.The name of thegame comes from the French word"tennez".The Engl ish men c 2 the game"tennis"when they watched the Frenchmen play 800 years ago.

The Engl ishmen l iked the French game.Tennis courts were bui lt in every park, inevery city,just l 3 today. The two countries played a 4 each other. At first theyplayed for honor.Then they w 5 money. Later people began cheating 欺骗to get money.Threehundred years ago the game was forbidden 禁止 to stop the cheating.The gamea6 disappeared.Americans found the old courtswhen they went to Europe 100years ago. They learned w 7 they could do about the game. They l iked thegame as the Engl ishmen had

b 8 .After returning home, theAmericans bui lt tennis courts.Tennis began tobecomep 9 in al l the United States.Nowit isoneof the most e 10 games in theworld again.

1. began 2.cal led 3. l ike 4.against 5.won

6.almost 7.what 8. before 9. popular 10.exciting

(4)

There are four people in myfami ly.Every day my parents are very busy t 1 tomake money in order to pay the high tuition( 学费 for my brother and me.They h2 say"I love you"or send f 3 to each other.Besides  my father has a badtemper(脾气). It is easy for him to lose his temperw 4 he's very tired from thehard work. I didn't know whether there was love between them u 5 one spring.At that time  my father suddenly got badlysick.My motherhad to staywith him in thehospital for a month.When they returned from the hospital , they both looked very w

6 as if both of them had a serious il lness.

After they were back,my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country roadevery day in the morning and dusk.H 7 after two months my father stil l couldn'twalk by h 8 .Al l of uswere worried about him.

"Dad  howare you f 9 now?" I asked him one day.

"Susan,don't worry about me."he said I 10 a lowvoice. "I just l ike walking withyour mom. I l ike this kind of l ife."Reading his eyes, I know he loves my mother verymuch.

Once I thought love m 1 1 flowers, presents and sweet kisses.But from thise 12 , I understand that love is inside,making l ife strong and warm.

1. trying 2. hardly 3. flowers 4.when 5. unti l 6.weak

7. However 8. himself 9. feel ing 10. in 1 1. meant 12.experience

(5)

Awoman was eating in a restaurant.She asked the waiter to do many t 1 forher.Now she was g 2 the waiter a lot of trouble.F 3 ,she asked the waiterto turn on the air conditionerbecause she f 4 too hot.Then she asked him toturn ito 5 becauseshewastoocold.Thiswentonandonforn 6 halfan

hour.

But the waiterwas very kind and h 7 .He did everything the woman asked h8 to do without getting angry. F 9 ,someone else in the restaurant askedwhy the w 10 didn'tjust throwthe woman out. "Oh, I don't care."The waiter saidand smil ing, "We don't even have an air conditioner."

1. things 2.giving 3. first4. felt 5.off 6. nearly 7. helpful 8.him 9. final ly 10.Waiter英语首字母填空专项练习

1.

Henry was worried.This was his first time to go travel ing by air.He did not know hto find his seat,so he went to the air hostess and asked, "Could you help me?I can'tfind my seat." The air hostess s him the seat and told him to sit dandfasten theseatbelt.Shetold Henrynot to m aboutwhen theplanewas going up.And she also said that Henry's ears might feel a l ittle s , buthe didn't need toworry about it b many peoplefelt l ike that.When theplane was f very high,Henrycould stand up and walk round.He coulde read books, newspapers or see fi lms.The air hostess would b foodand drinks.Henrycould e thefl ightand arrived home soon.

2.

I am Bi l l . I amE I cometo C with myparents.Theywork in a university(大学)and I study in am school .We stay in a house near the university but it isfarfrom(远离)my school . I get up at six in the m and then have some band m forbreakfast. Igotoschoolbybike.Thefirst lesson b ateight,so I must get there at seven forty-five. In China, l of people go to work by bikeand you can see bikes h and t .China is a “Country of Bike. ”

3.

The u means the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars and the spaceb them.Many of the stars are so f away that we can not see them.Themoon,our satel l ite, travels a the earth. It has already been visited b manfrom the earth.Man-made satel l ites have been sent up i space by manycountries.They go round the earth.They are used for helping us to learn morea the earth, the weather and other things.They are also used forsending and